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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 47; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2009;47(2):76-79
Diyabetik Ayak Gelişiminde Elektrofizyolojik Risk Faktörü: Posterior Tibiyal Sinir İleti Bozukluğu
B Taşkıran, S Güldiken, N Turgut, B Güldiken, A Tuğrul
Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Nöroloji Anabilim Dalı, Edirne
Amaç: Diyabetes Mellitus'un geç komplikasyonlarından olan diyabetik ayağın gelişiminde vaskü-ler yetersizlik, polinöropati, enfeksiyonlar ve bası gibi multifaktöriyel nedenler rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, diyabetik ayak gelişiminde yer alan alt ekstremite sinir ileti bozukluklarından hangisinin daha ön plânda rol oynadığının belirlenmesi amaçlandı.
Yöntem: Çalışmada retrospektif olarak, diyabetik ayak komplikasyonu ve polinöropatisi olan 20 olgu ile diyabetik ayak komplikasyonu olmayan polinöropatili 20 olgu ve polinöropatisi olmayan 20 olgu olmak üzere toplam 60 tip 2 diyabetik olgu değerlendirildi. Olguların yaş, diyabet yaşı, HbAlc ve elektronöromiyografik bulguları karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Diyabetik ayak komplikasyonlu grubun yaşı, diyabet süresi ve HbAlc düzeyleri diğer iki gruba göre daha yüksekti. Peroneal sinir motor ve sural sinir duyusal ileti bulgularında, diyabetik ayak komplikasyonlu grup ile diyabetik ayak sorunu olmayan polinöropatili grup arasında fark gözlenmedi. Diyabetik ayak sorunu olan olguların posterior tibiyal sinir motor ileti hızları ve amp-litüdleri, diyabetik ayak komplikasyonu olmayan polinöropatili ve polinöropatisiz diyabetiklere göre daha düşük bulundu (p<0.05, p<0.001). Diyabet süresi ile posterior tibiyal motor sinir ileti hızı arasında ters ilişki saptandı (p< 0.01, r= -0.9). Diğer demografik ve metabolik değerler ile ilişki görülmedi.
Tartışma : Posterior tibiyal motor sinir ileti hızı yavaşlaması ve M yanıt amplitüdü küçül­mesi, diyabetik ayak gelişimi için önemli bir risk faktörü olup, diyabetiklerde saptandığında bu hastaların diyabetik ayak gelişimi açısından daha dikkatli takip edilmesi için uyarıcı olacağını düşünmekteyiz.
Electrophysiological Risk Factor in the Development of Diabetic Foot: Posterior Tibial Nerve Conduction Pathology
Objective: Vascular insufficiency, polyneuropathy, infection, and pressure are among the multip­le factors involved in the development of diabetic foot as a delayed complication of diabetes mel-litus. In this study we aimed to determine the leading nerve conduction pathologies operating in diabetic lesions of the lower extremities.
Method: In this study, 20 diabetic patients with diabetic foot and polyneuropathy, 20 patients with only polyneuropathy, and 20 diabetics without any of the stated complications were evalu­ated retrospectively. Age, duration of diabetes, haemoglobin A1c, and electroneuromyography findings of these three groups were compared.
Findings: Patients with diabetic foot were older and had longer duration of diabetes and higher levels of haemoglobin A1c. Peroneal sensorimotor nerve conduction studies did not differ between the patients with diabetic foot and those with polyneuropathy but without diabetic foot. Posterior tibial motor nerve conduction velocity and amplitude were significantly lower in the first group (p<0.05). Posterior tibial motor nerve conduction velocity was inversely related to the duration of diabetes (p<0.01, r= -0.9). There was no relation with other daemographic features and metabolic values.

Discussion: Decreases in posterior tibial motor nerve conduction velocity and M-response amplitude are risk factors for diabetic foot. We are the opinion that patients with ENMG eliciting such results should be followed up more carefully.

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