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Yıl:2008; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 3>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi; 2008;1(3):8-14
Intihar Davranışı Riskinin Değerlendirmesi
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Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Psikiyatri AD ANKARA
Intihar riski, kişinin gelecekte kendini öldürmesi olasılığıdır. Intihar önlenebilir bir ölüm nedenidir, bu nedenle riskli kişilerde bu olasılığın değerlendirilmesi öncelikli bir konudur. Intihar davranışında etkili olan risk faktörleri genellikle çoklu ve birbiri ile etkileşir niteliktedir. Bunun yanında intihar davranışında etkili olan akut ve uzun dönemli risk faktörleri de farklılıklar taşımaktadır. Kendine zarar verme düşüncesi ve bu düşüncenin niteliği ile ilgili tüm özellikler açık, doğrudan sorular ile araştırılmalıdır. İntihar davranışı için başlıca risk faktörleri depresyon, ümitsizlik ve daha önceki intihar girişimleridir. Somut ve ayrıntılı intihar düşünceleri, zorlayıcı yaşam olayları, yetersiz başetme becerileri, aile öyküsünde intihar davranışı veya bir ruh hastalığının bulunması ve sosyal desteklerin yetersiz olması diğer önemli risk faktörleridir. Tüm bunların yanında, düzenli aile yaşantısına, zengin başetme becerilerine, hobilere, düzenli spor yaşamına, iyi iletişim becerilerine, iyi ve tutarlı sosyal desteklere, dini inançlara sahip olma ve yardım almaya veya tedaviye motive olma en önemli koruyucu faktörlerdir.
Risk Assessment Of Suicidal Behavior
Risk of suicide is the probability of an individual to kill him/herself in the future. It is important that this probability be evaluated for individuals who carry this risk, since suicide is preventable. Risk factors that contribute to suicidal behavior are usually multiple and interrelated. Acute and long term risk factors that affect suicidal behavior present differences. Thoughts about harming oneself and all different aspects of the nature of these thoughts should be investigated through clear and direct questions. The most important known risk factors for suicidal behavior are depression, despair, previous suicide attempts, concrete and detailed suicide plan, stressful life events, inadequate coping skills, family history for suicidal behaviors/psychiatric disorders and insufficient social supports. The most significant preventive factors are having a stable family life, mature coping skills, hobbies, regular exercise, good communication skills, good and reliable social supports, religious beliefs and being motivated to get help/treatment.

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