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Yıl:2003; Cilt: 10; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2003;10(2):88-96
Otistik Bozukluk Etyolojisi: Genetik Etkenler
B Pehlivantürk, B Bakkaloğlu, F Ünal
Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Çocuk Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları AD., Ankara
Amaç: Bu yazıda otizm etyolojisinde önemli rolü olduğu düşünülen genetik etkenler ile ilgili son dönem çalışmaların gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Otizm ve genetik anahtar sözcüklerini içeren bir Medline ve Türk Tıp Dizini taraması yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Otizmin genetik kökeni olan hastalıklarla birlikte görülme sıklığı, monozigot ikizlerdeki yüksek konkordans ve hastalığın kardeşlerde ortaya çıkma riskinin fazlalığı; hastalığın etyolojisindeki kalıtımsal etkenlerin önemini ortaya koymuştur. Heterojen bir etyolojiye sahip olduğu düşünülen otizmin çok sayıda birbiri ile etkile.en gen nedeniyle ortaya çıktığı ileri sürülmektedir. Genom taramaları da çok sayıda geni içeren karmaşık bir kalıtım varsayımını desteklemektedir. Son zamanlarda, çalışmalar 15. (15q11-q13), 7. (7q) ve 2. (2q) kromozomlardaki patolojilere odaklanmıştır. Tartışma: Otizmdeki etyolojik etkenlerin daha iyi tanımlanması, etyolojik etkenlere dayalı daha işlevsel tanı sistemlerinin oluşmasına, hastalığın önlenmesi ve tedavisine yönelik önemli katkılar sağlayacaktır.
The Etiology of Autism: Genetic Factors
Objective: In this article, it was aimed to review the recent literature on genetic risk factors, which belived to play an important role in the etiology of autism. Method: A Medline and Turkish Medical Index search was conducted using the key words autism and genetic. Results: The importance of genetic factors was confirmed by frequent association of this disorder with hereditary diseases, by high concordance of the disorder in monozygotic twins and also by higher risk for the siblings of autistic patients. Autism is considered to be etiologically heterogeneous and is thought to be the result of multiple, interacting genes. Genome screens also supported a complex pattern of genetic transmission involving multiple genes. Recently, research is focused in abnormalities on chromosome 15 (15q11-13), 7 (7q) and 2 (2q). Conclusion: The identification of etiological factors in autism may contribute significantly to the development of more functional classification systems based on etiology and to the prevention and treatment of the disorder.

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