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Yıl:2008; Cilt: 46; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2008;46(4):200-205
Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu ve Kronik Ağrı Birlikteliği Zemininde Opioid Bağımlılığı
İ Yaluğ, S Özdemir, AT Aker
Kocaeli Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı
Travma sonrası stres bozukluğu (TSSB), büyük bir stres ya da travmatik hayat olayını takiben gelişen,
sık görülen bir psikiyatrik bozukluktur. TSSB’nin karakteristik semptomları travmatik olayın yeniden
yaşantılanması, travmatik olayla ilişkili uyaranlardan kaçınma ve artmış uyarılmışlıktır. TSSB’li
hastalarda komorbid alkol veya madde kullanım bozukluğu sık görülür ve bu iki durumun sıklıkla
bir arada görüldüğünün anlaşılmasının, klinik pratiklere önemli katkıları vardır. Diğer taraftan,
TSSB ve kronik ağrı bozukluğu da sıklıkla birlikte görülen durumlardır ve travmatik olayı takiben
semptomların şiddetlenmesinde her iki durumun bir takım yolaklar üzerinden birlikte katkıda bulundukları
ileri sürülmüştür. Alkol, reçetesiz ve reçeteli satılan ilâçlar veya opioidler (özellikle narkotik
analjezikler) gibi maddelerin kötüye kullanımı yâhut bağımlılığı, kronik ağrısı olan TSSB’li
hastalarda sık görülmektedir. Özellikle TSSB açısından risk taşıyan gruplarda, önleyici ve destekleyici
yaklaşımlar etkili olabilir. Bu özel hasta gruplarından alınacak psikiyatrik öykünün, madde kullanı
mı ve diğer riskli davranışlar açısından daha kapsamlı olması önemlidir. TSSB, kronik ağrı ve opioid
bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkileri daha iyi anlayabilmek ve etkili yaklaşımlarda bulunabilmek için
daha kapsamlı araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
pioid Dependency with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Chronic Pain Comorbidity
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychiatric disorder that arises from an extreme
stress or traumatic life experience. The characteristic symptoms of PTSD are re-experiencing of the
traumatic event, avoidance of stimuli associated with the traumatic event and increased arousal.
The patients with PTSD are often have a comorbid diagnosis of alcohol or substance use disorder
and understanding the frequently observed co-occurrence of substance abuse with posttraumatic
stress disorder (PTSD) has important implications for clinical practice. On the other hand, also PTSD
and chronic pain disorder are often comorbid conditions. It has been suggested that there are several
pathways by which both disorders may be involved in the aggravation of symptoms following
the traumatic event. Substance abuse or addiction, such as alcohol, over-the-counter and
prescription drugs or opioids (particularly narcotic analgesics), seem to be prevalent in the individuals
who have chronic pain and PTSD. Preventive and supportive psychosocial programs shall be
effective for high risk PTSD population. Comprehensive psychiatric evaluation including substance
use and the other risk taking behaviors are recommended for this special population. More expansive
investigations of PTSD, chronic pain and opioid dependence are needed to understand better
these relationships and to design effective interventions.

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