Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2008; Cilt: 19; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2008;19(3):318-328
Tükenmişliğin Nörobiyolojisi: Hipotalamus-Pituiter-Adrenal Ekseni ve Diğer Bulgular
ÖÖ Sertöz, İT Binbay, HE Mete
Ege Ü. Tıp Fak Psikiyatri ABD, Konsültasyon Liyezon BD, İzmir
Amaç: Bu gözden geçirmede tükenmişlik etiyolojisine ilişkin nörobiyolojik çalışmaların özetlenmesi ve öne sürülen görüşlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma geriye dönük bir gözden geçirme çalışmasıdır ve son 17 yıl içinde yayımlanmış ilgili araştırmalar kapsanmıştır. Yayımlanmış çalışmaların tespit edilmesi için kaynaklar 'tükenmişlik, HPA ekseni, kortizol, stres, nörobiyoloji, nöron oluşumu (nörogenez), BDNF, bağışıklık, etiyoloji' anahtar sözcükleri çeşitli kombinasyonlar içinde kullanılarak Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Medline, GoogleScholar, ULAKBİM Türk Tıp Dizini ve Türk Psikiyatri Dizini arama motorları aracılığıyla taranmıştır. Tükenmişlik nörobiyolojisini araştıran toplam 25 makaleye ulaşılmıştır.

Bulgular: Tükenmişlik ve HPAekseni arasındaki ilişkiyi araştıran ilk çalışmalarda birbirine zıt bulgular bulunmuştur. İzleyen yıllarda yapılan daha gelişmiş araştırma desenlerine sahip çalışmalardan gelen veriler ise tükenmişlikte HPA-ekseni işlevlerinin bozulmadığına işaret etmektedir ancak sonuçlar kesin bir yargıya varılmasına imkan vermemektedir. Tükenmişlikte bağışıklık sistemi yanıtının farklı olduğu yönünde veri bulunmaktadır. Stres ile hipokampus nöron oluşumu (nörogenez) arasındaki ilişkiye dair kuvvetli kanıtlar olmasına karşın tükenmişlikte konuyla ilgili çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Olası yolaklardan birisi olabilecek olan monoaminerjik sistemle ilgili veriler ise kısıtlıdır.

So­nuç: Gelecek çalışmalarda klinik düzeyde tükenmişlik sendromu tanısı alan bireylerde HPA-ekseni fonksiyonunun değerlendirilmesinde önemsenmesi gereken kurallara (kan alma ya da tükürük toplama zamanı, HPA-eksen işlevlerini etkileyebilecek değişkenlerin kontrol edilmesi gibi) dikkat edilmesi ve tükenmişlikte HPA-ekseni işlevlerinin yanı sıra hipokampus nöron oluşumu, nörotrofinler, yangısal yanıt, monoaminerjik sistemin değerlendirilmesi nörobiyolojisinin anlaşılmasında daha fazla bilgi sağlayacaktır.
The Neurobiology of Burnout: The Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Gland Axis and Other Findings
Objective: This review aimed to present an overview of neurobiological research on the etiology of burnout and to evaluate the proposed arguments.

Method: A retrospective literature review of the relevant studies conducted within the last 17 [year]s. For this purpose a literature search was conducted via internet-based search engines, including PubMed, Science-Direct, Medline, GoogleScholar, ULAKBIM Turkish Medicine Index, and Turkish Psychiatry Index, using the key words, burnout, cortisol, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA)-axis, stress, neurobiology, neurogenesis, BDNF, immunology, and etiology, in different combinations.

Results: The pioneering studies that focused on the relationship between burnout and dysregulation of the HPA-axis have yielded inconsistent results. Data from subsequent studies with improved designs suggest there is no HPA-axis dysregulation in burnout, but the results do not lead to more concrete interpretations. There is some evidence of impaired immunity function in burnout as compared with controls. Although there is strong evidence of a relationship between stress and impairment in hippocampal neurogenesis, there is no study of burnout in the field. Data about monoaminergic involvement in burnout, which is one of the probable pathways, is scarce.

Conclusion: In future research the essential guidelines for evaluating HPA-axis functioning (i.e. timing of collecting samples from saliva or blood and controlling for possible influencing factors on HPA-axis functioning) in patients clinically diagnosed with burnout should be taken into account, and in addition to the HPA-axis, evaluation of hippocampal neurogenesis, neurotrophins, immunity functioning, and the monoaminergic system will provide more data on the neurobiology of burnout.

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