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Yıl:2008; Cilt: 45; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2008;45(2):36-45
Erken Remisyondaki Alkol Bağımlıları, En Az Bir Yıldır Remisyonda Olan Alkol Bağımlıları ve Kontrol Grubunun Başa Çıkma Mekanizmaları Yönünden Karşılaştırılması
ŞÖE Akı, Z Arıkan, S Işıklı
Başkent Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı, Ankara
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı alkol bağımlılığı olan bireylerde, ayıklığın farklı dönemlerinde başa çıkma becerileri ve bunları algılama düzeylerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır.

Yöntem: Bireyler 3 grupta değerlendirilmiştir. Birinci grup 3 haftalık yoksunluk dönemini geçirmiş bağımlılar, ikinci grup en az 1 yıldır remisyonda olan alkol bağımlıları, üçüncü grup sağlıklı gönüllülerden oluşturulmuştur. Tüm bireylere Hamilton Depresyon Ölçeği (HDÖ), Stresle Başa Çıkma Ölçeği (SBÇE), Problem Çözme Envanteri (PÇE), Rosenbaum’un Öğrenilmiş Güçlülük Ölçeği (RÖGÖ), Rotter’in İç- Dış Kontrol Odağı Ölçeği (RİDKOÖ), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ), Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (SKE), Durumluk Kaygı Envanteri (DKE) ve Minnesota Çok Yönlü Kişilik Envanteri (MMPI) uygulanmıştır.

Bulgular: Kontrol grubu ve en az bir yıllık remisyon olan grubun uyuma yönelik başa çıkma mekanizmalarını daha sıklıkla kullandığı gözlenmektedir. Alkole başlama yaşı, günlük alkol kullanım miktarı gibi bağımlılığın şiddeti ile ilgili faktörlerin başa çıkma mekanizmalarını ve algıyı olumsuz etkilediği, Adsız Alkolikler (AA) grubuna devam eden bireylerde bir adaptif mekanizma olan dolaylı başa çıkmanın (yardım arama) daha çok kullanıldığı ve umudun arttığı ortaya konulmuştur.

Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar uzun süreli remisyonda olan bağımlıların ve AA grubu toplantılarına katılan bireylerin uyuma yönelik başa çıkma mekanizmalarını daha sık kullandığını göstermektedir. Buna göre başa çıkma becerileri eğitiminin ve AA’ya katılımın var olan tedavi yöntemlerine ek olarak uzun vadeli sonuçları olumlu etkileyeceği düşünülmektedir.
Comparison of Coping Mechanisms Between Alcoholics in Early Remission and Alcoholics in Remission at Least for 1 [year] and Control Group
Objective: To compare coping mechanisms and appraisal of coping skills at various stages of remission in patients with alcohol dependence.

Method: This was a cross sectional study comparing the results of 3 groups including group 1- patients with alcohol dependence and, group 2-patients with alcohol dependence and in remission for at least 1 [year] and group 3 – a control group consisting of healthy individuals without any history of substance use except smoking. Hamilton Depression Scale, Coping with Stress Scale, Problem Solving Inventory, Rosenbaum’s Learned Resourcefulness Inventory, Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale, Beck Depression Scale, Beck Hopelessness Scale, State- Trait Anxiety Inventory and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) were completed for all subjects.

Results: The control group and persons with at least one [year] of remission used adaptive coping mechanisms more frequently. Factors associated with the degree of alcohol dependence, such ase age at the start of alcohol use and daily alcohol consumption were found to affect coping mechanisms and appraisal of coping skills. Persons attending Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meetings were found to use an indirect coping mechanism (seeking help), which is an adaptive coping skill in our culture, more frequently and were found to have less hopelessness.

Conclusion: The results implied that patients with alcohol dependence who have been in remission more than 1 [year] and subjects attending AA meetings use adaptive coping mechanisms more frequently. It suggests coping skills treatment and attendance at AA meetings would improve long- term outcomes of alcohol dependence.

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