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Yıl:2002; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2002;9(2):77-85
Yıkıcı Davranış Bozukluklarında DSM-IV Belirtileri Açısından Anne ve Öğretmen Verilerinin Uyumu
AP Akay, S Miral, B Yemez, K Çakar
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Çocuk Psikiyatrisi Anabilim Dalı, İzmir
Amaç: Bu çalışmada DSM-IV tanı ölçütlerine göre yıkıcı davranış bozukluğu tanısı almış çocuk ve ergenlerde; ev ve okul ortamındaki Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB) ve diğer yıkıcı davranış bozukluklarının belirtilerinin uyumunun araştırılması, DSM-IV belirtileri tek tek incelendiğinde anne ve öğretmen verileri arasında herhangi bir farklılık olup olmadığının incelenmesi, anne ve öğretmen verilerinin klinik tanıyla uyumlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma Mayıs 1999-Mayıs 2001 tarihleri arasında Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Psikiyatrisi polikliniğine başvuran DSM-IV tanı ölçütlerine göre DEHB tanısı almış 64 çocuk üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Anne ve öğretmenlerin DSM-IV tanı ölçütlerine dayalı olarak geliştirilen Turgay Yıkıcı Davranış Bozuklukları Belirti Tarama Ölçeğine verdikleri yanıtlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Diğer yıkıcı davranış bozuklukları tanıları ve DEHB alt tiplemeleri DSM-IV'e göre değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Dikkat eksikliği tanısı koyma açısından anne ve öğretmen verileri karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı fark saptanamazken, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olmamasına rağmen annelerden (%81.3) öğretmenlere göre (%71.9) daha fazla hiperaktivite tanısı düşündürecek veriler elde edilmiştir. Anneler (%67.2) öğretmenlere göre (%60.9) daha fazla karşıt olma karşı gelme bozukluğu tanısı düşündürecek bilgi verirken, öğretmenler (%25) annelere göre (%21.9) daha fazla davranım bozukluğu tanısına yönelik veri bildirmişlerdir. Klinik tanıları ile anne ve öğretmen tanıları arasında anlamlı fark vardır. Klinik olarak DEHB bileşik tip tanısı konulan hastaların anneleri %17.2 oranında (n:11) DEHB hiperaktivite-impulsivite baskın tip, öğretmenleri %21.9 oranında (n:14) DEHB dikkat eksikliği baskın tip tanısını destekleyecek veriler bildirmişlerdir. Tartışma: Sadece bir bilgilendirici göz önüne alındığında DEHB bileşik tip tanısı azalmaktadır. Bu bulgularla DEHB alt tiplerinin tanılandırılmasında bilgilendiricilerin güvenirliğinin sorgulanması önemli bir konudur. Bu nedenle kesin tanıya ulaşmak için pek çok bilgilendiriciden bilgi alınmasına gereksinim vardır.
Concordance of Mother and Teacher Ratings for DSM-IV Criteria of Distruptive Behavior Disorders
Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the concordance for DSM-IV criteria of ADHD and other disruptive behavior disorders in home and school settings, the differences between reports of mothers and teachers about DSM-IV symptoms and the concordance of mothers? and teachers? reports and clinical diagnosis. Method: This study was conducted between May 1999 and May 2001 in Dokuz Eylul University Medical Faculty Child Psychiatry out-patient unit on 64 children with ADHD. Turgay DSM-IV Based Disruptive Behavior Disorders Screening and Rating Scale were completed by mothers and teachers of children with ADHD. The diagnosis of other disruptive behavior disorders and subtypes of ADHD were assessed according to DSM-IV. Results: There was a high agreement between mothers? and teachers? reports for attention deficit symptoms. Although not statistically significant, mothers reported more hyperactivity symptoms (81.3% vs 71.9%) and reported more oppositional defiant disorder symptoms (67.2% vs 60.9%) than teachers. However, teachers reported more conduct disorder symptoms than mothers (25% vs 21.9%). There was a statistical difference between the clinical diagnosis and the mothers?-teachers? reports. Among 53 children ADHD combined type according to clinical diagnosis were ADHD predominantly hyperactive-impulsive subtype according to mothers (17.2%, n:11) and ADHD predominantly inattentive subtype according to teachers (21.9%, n:14). Discussion: If only one informant queried, the child would be less likely to recieve the diagnosis of ADHD combined subtype. These findings raise important questions about the crossinformant reliability of ADHD subtypes. This suggests that diagnosis of ADHD must be based on data from several informants.

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