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Yıl:2002; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2002;9(1):16-22
Depresyonu Olan ve Olmayan Genç Kızlar ve Annelerindeki Adet Öncesi Yakınmaların Karşılaştırılması
F Akdeniz, S Korkmaz, M Tamar, B Beker
Ege Üniversitesi, Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı, İzmir.\r\n
Amaç: Bu çalışmada depresyonu olan genç kızlarla depresyonu olmayan genç kızlarda adet öncesi yakınmaların şiddetini ve profilini, ve ayrıca annelerdeki ve kızlarındaki adet öncesi duygusal, davranış ve fiziksel yakınma dalgalanmalarının ilişkisini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Hasta grubunu majör depresif bozukluk tanısı konmuş ve en az iki yıldır düzenli adet gören 15-18 yaşları arasındaki 20 genç kız ve kontrol grubunu da hiçbir fiziksel ve ruhsal yakınması olmayan 17 genç kız oluşturmuştur. Adet öncesi duygusal, davranış ve fiziksel belirtilerini geriye dönük olarak sorgulayan Premenstrüel Değerlendirme Formu (PDF) ve depresyon belirtilerinin şiddetini belirlemek için de Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE) kullanılmıştır. Genç kızların ve annelerinin adet döngüsü bilgileri ve annelerin tıbbi ve ruhsal hastalık varlığı derlenmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırma ve kontrol grubunu oluşturan kızlar arasında sosyodemografik veriler açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktur. Hasta grubunda daha fazla kız dismenoreden yakındığı ve daha fazla okula devamsızlık yaptığı halde iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık yoktur. Depresyon grubu genç kızlarla kontrol grubu genç kızlar arasında PDF toplam puanlarında ve PDF'nun bazı alt ölçeklerinde (depresyon ile ilişkili) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Depresyon grubu genç kızlarla anneleri arasında PDF toplam puanları ve bazı alt ölçekler arasında istatistiksel anlamlı farklılıklar gözlenirken kontrol grubu genç kızlar ile annelerinin PDF toplam puanları ve alt ölçekleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Tartışma: Depresyonu olan ergenler premenstrüel dönemde daha fazla yakınmaları olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Bu sonuç depresif ergenlerin daha fazla premenstrüel yakınma yaşadığı şeklinde yorumlanabilir. Ancak depresif bireylerin olumsuz bilişleri nedeniyle özbildirim ölçeğini doldururken olumsuz cümlelerden daha fazla etkilendiği bilinmektedir. Bu sonuçlarla depresyon tanılı bireylerde premenstrüel belirtilerin varlığını ve şiddetini belirlemek için geriye dönük ölçekler yerine ileriye dönük formların kullanılmasının uygun olacağı söylenebilir.
Comparison of Depressed and Non-Depressed Adolescent Girls' and Their Mothers' Premenstrual Symptoms
Objective: In this study, we aimed to compare the severity and profile of premenstrual complaints between depressed and non-depressed adolescent girls and make a correlation between mother's and daughter's premenstrual emotional, behavioral and physical complaints. Method: Twenty girls between age of 15-18 [year]s who had met DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder and had regular menstrual cycle for at least two [year]s were recruited. The control group included 17 volunteer high school female students who had no physical and mental illnesses. The Premenstrual Assessment Form (PAF) was used for the evaluation of the premenstrual emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used for the evaluation of the severity of depressive symptoms. The history of menstrual cycle and medical and mental disorders from the mothers were gathered. Result: There were no significant differences between depressed and non-depressed group on sociodemographic variables. Even though more depressed girls complained about dysmenorhea than normal controls, there were no statistical significant differences between two groups. There were statistically differences between depressed and non-depressed adolescent girls on variables of total PAF score, and subscales of PAF scores. There were no statistically differences between the control girls and their mothers on variables of the total PAF scores and subscales of PAF scores. Discussion: The adolescent girls who experienced emotional distress, such as depression, are likely to report the more change in emotional, behavioral and physical problems due to menstruation. The severity of depression is correlated with the severity of premenstrual problems. The results may suggest that depressed girls experience more premenstrual problems or because of their negative cognitions, they are insuenced by the negative words/sentences in a self-report scale. We may suggest that the scales which are used to evaluate the premenstrual complaints of depressed subjects retrospectively do not show the correct severity of the premenstrual complaints.

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