Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2007; Cilt: 10; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2007;10(4):216-222
Siklotimik Bozukluk
M Kuloğlu, A Çayköylü, Y Albayrak
Ankara Atatürk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Psikiyatri Kliniği, Ankara
Siklotimik bozukluk; psikiyatri alanında tanımlanması ve ayrıntılandırılması en zor bozukluklardan biridir. Siklotimi genellikle erken yaşlarda sinsi bir şekilde başlayan DSM-IV-TR'ye göre subsendromal düzeyde depresyon ve hipomaninin sık ve kısa döngüleriyle karakterize bipolar bozukluğun bir formudur. Ancak siklotiminin tanısı için DSM-IV-TR'nin kriterlerinden ziyade duygulanım, aktivite ve kognisyondaki değişimlerin tanı için daha açıklayıcı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca hipomaninin tanımı ile ilgili kavramsal karışıklıklar nedeniyle tanı konulmasında bazı güçlüklerle karşılaşılabilmektedir. Siklotimik bozukluğun etiyolojisine yönelik çalışmalarda farklı modeller öne sürülmüştür. Son yıllarda özellikle genetik-ailesel çalışmaların ön planda olduğu göze çarpmaktadır. Etiyolojiye yönelik çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçlar, siklotimik bozuklukla bipolar bozukluklar arasında biyolojik bağlar olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Özellikle siklotimik mizacın bipolar II bozukluğu açısından genetik-ailesel yatkınlık oluşturacağı öne sürülmüştür. Siklotimi; erken yaşlarda başlaması, tanısında karşılaşılan zorluklar, klinik görünümünün çeşitliliği, semptomlarının belirlenmesinin güçlüğü, sınırda bir bozukluk olarak kabul edilmesi ve tedaviye başvuruların azlığı gibi nedenlerle yeteri kadar araştırmaya konu olmamıştır. Ancak son yıllarda artan sayıda ve özellikle etiyolojisi ile tanı geçerliliği ve güvenirliliğine yönelik çalışmalar göze çarpmaktadır. Türkçe literatürde siklotiminin genel olarak tartışıldığı çok az sayıda makale bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemeyi yazmaktaki amacımız, siklotimik bozukluğun tarihçesi, epidemiyolojisi, etiyolojisi, klinik özellikleri, ayırıcı tanısı ve tedavisini bütüncül olarak değerlendirerek konuya ışık tutmaktır.

Cyclothymic Disorder

Cyclothymic disorder is one of the most difficult disorder
to be recognized and be detailed in the psychiatric area.
Cyclothymia begins usually insidiously early ages and
according to DSM-IV-TR it is a form of bipolar disorders
that is characterized by frequent and short cycles of subsendromal
depression and hypomania. However for
diagnosis of cyclothymia, it is considered that changes in
affectivity, activity and cognition is more illustrative than
DSM-IV-TR criteria. Additionally because of the conceptual
confusion in the definition of hypomania, some difficulties
are seen in diagnosing. Different models have
been suggested in the studies for the etiology of
cyclothymic disorder. Recently, genetic and family studies
are particulary considerable. Results of etiology-oriented
studies to suggest that there are some biological
associations between cyclothymic disorder and bipolar
disorders. Particulary, it has been suggested that
cyclothymic mood would be a genetic-familial predisposition
for bipolar II disorder. Cyclothymia has been
researched insufficently because of the reasons like as;
early onset, the difficulties in diagnosis, variety of the
clinical appearance, difficulties in the determination of
its symptoms, being accepted as a border disorder and
rarely seeking for the treatment. However recently, there
has been an increasing number of etiology, diagnose
validity and reliability-oriented studies. In Turkish literature
there are few studies in which cyclothymia is discussed
generally. In this paper, our aim is to evaluate and
enlighten the history, epidemiology, etiology, differential
diagnosis and treatment of cyclothymia in a holistic
way.

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