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Yıl:2008; Cilt: 45; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2008;45(1):9-13
Gebelikte Depresyon ve Kaygı Düzeylerinin Sosyal Destek ile İlişkisi
O Vırıt, E Akbaş, HA Savaş, G Sertbaş, H Kandemir
Gaziantep Ü. Tıp Fak. Psikiyatri ABD, Gaziantep
Amaç: Gebelik kadın yaşamında önemli biyolojik ve psikososyal değişimin olduğu bir dönemdir ve kaygı ve depresyon için birçok risk etkenini içerir. Gebelikte sosyal destek yetersizliği ile depresyon ve kaygı arasında ilişki olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada gebelikte sosyal destek ile depresyon ve kaygı belirti düzeylerinin ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Araştırma Sağlık Bakanlığı’na bağlı Malatya Devlet Hastanesi Gebe Polikliniğine 20 Ekim 2005 ve 20 Ocak 2006 tarihleri arasında başvuran, 36 hafta ve üzerinde olan 104 gebede yapılmıştır. Değerlendirmede Gebe Bilgi Formu (GBF), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği (DKÖ), Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği (SKÖ) ve Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Gebelerin ortalama yaşı 27,02±5,61 idi. BDÖ puan ortalaması 20,91± 8,52 olarak bulundu ve BDÖ’ne göre; %42,3 gebe hafif, %39,4 gebe orta ve %18,3 gebe şiddetli düzeyde depresif belirtiye sahipti. DKÖ puan ortalaması; 40,10 ±4,24 idi ve bu ölçeğe göre %17,3 kaygı taşımayan, %47,1 hafif kaygı ve %35,6 yüksek kaygı taşıyan gebe vardı. SKÖ puan ortalaması; 48,94 ±4,26 idi ve bu ölçeğe göre ise %9,6 hafif ve %90,4 yüksek kaygılı gebe vardı. ÇBASDÖ toplam puan ortalaması 52,81±13,32; aile, arkadaş ve eş için sırasıyla 16,27±7,96, 10,88±6,26 ve 25,65±4,73 olarak bulundu. DKÖ ve SKÖ ile ÇBASDÖ arasında istatistiksel ilişki bulunamazken, BDÖ ile ÇBASDÖ toplam ve alt grup puanları arasında ilişki vardı.

Sonuç: Gebeler yüksek oranda kaygı ve depresif belirti taşımaktaydılar. Sosyal destek yetersizliği gebelik döneminde depresyon için bir risk etkenidir.


Association Between the Level of Depression and Anxiety with Social Support in Pregnancy
Objective: Pregnancy constitutes a time of significant life change requiring major biological and psychosocial adjustments, and includes many risk factors for depression and anxiety. It has been reported an association between insufficient social support with depression and anxiety. The goal of the present study was to investigate the association between social support with the levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms severity in pregnancy.

Method: The study was conducted between 20 October 2005 and 20 January 2006 on 104 pregnant patients, whose pregnancies were 36 weeks and over, admitted to the outpatient clinic of the Health Ministry Malatya Goverment Hospital Pregnancy Unit. Pregnancy Information Tool (PIT), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 27.02±5.61. Mean score BDI was 20.91± 8.52 and according to BDI; 42.3% of patients had mild, 39.4% had moderate and 18.3% had severe depressive symptoms. Mean score of SAI was 40.10 ±4.24, and according to this inventory, of the patients; 17.3% had no anxiety, 47.1% had mild and 35.6% had severe anxiety. Mean score of TAI was 48.94 ±4.26; and according to this inventory, 9.6% ofthe patients had mild anxiety and 90.4% had severe anxiety. Mean MSPSS total score was 52.81±13.32; and consequently 16.27±7.96, 10.88±6.26 and 25.65 ±4.73 were found for the family, friends, and husband. There were no statistical associations between either SAI or TAI with MSPSS, but BDI was associated with MSPSS total and subtitles’ scores.

Discussion: Pregnant women had high levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Insufficient social support is a risk factor for depression during the pregnancy period.

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