Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2007; Cilt: 14; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2007;14(2):113-119
Dilin Prozodik Özellikleri, Disprozodi ve İlişkili Bozukluklar
T Türkbay, MA Cöngöloğlu
GATA Çocuk Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, Ankara
Amaç: Prozodi konuşmanın melodisi ve ritmidir. Prozodik bozukluklar (disprozodi) konuşmanın şiddetinde,
söylem segmentlerinin zamanlamasında, ritm, kadans ve sözcüklerin tonlamasında olan
düzensizlikler ile karakterizedir. Bu makalede dilin prozodik özelliklerinin tanımlanması, disprozodinin
nedenleri ile ilişkili bozuklukların özellikle de yaygın gelişimsel bozukluklarda konuşmanın
bütünsel özelliklerinin gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Disprozodi ile ilgili yayınlar yazından
taranmış, sonrasında değerlendirilmiş ve tartışılmıştır. Sonuçlar: Disprozodi genellikle stroklar,
beyin zedelenmeleri, özellikle sağ hemisfer hasarları, Parkinson ve Huntington hastalığı gibi nörolojik
patolojiler ve gelişimsel bozukluklar ile birliktedir. Anormal prozodi, konuşan yaygın gelişimsel bozukluğu
olan bireylerde çekirdek özelliklerden biri olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Otistik olgularda prozodinin
birincil olarak pragmatik ve affektif boyutu etkilenirken, gramatik boyutu göreceli olarak korunmuştur.
Zamanla dilin diğer boyutları iyileşme gösterseler bile, bu prozodik anormallikler devam etmeye
ve çok az değişmeye eğilimlidirler. Tartışma: Otistik bireylerdeki prozodik anormallikler, sosyal
bütünleşmede ve mesleki işlevlerde büyük engeller oluşturmaktadır. Disprozodinin erken saptanması
ve uygun yaklaşımların yapılması, otizmdeki emosyonel ve sosyal sorunları hafifletebilir ve gidişi
olumlaştırabilir.
Pervasive Developmental Disorders and Dysprosody: A Review
Objective: Prosody is the melody and rhythm of speech. Disorders of prosody (dysprosody) is characterized
by alterations in intensity of speech, timing of utterance segments, and rhythm, cadency, and
intonation of words. The aim of this review article was to describe the concept of dysprosody in [language]
and speech, and to review dysprosody and related diseases, especially the pervasive developmental
disorders. Method: The articles about dysprosody were detected by searching Medline and
those articles were evaluated and discussed. Results: The causes of dysprosody were usually associated
with neurological pathologies, such as cerebrovascular accidents, cranioencephalic injuries -especially
right hemisphere damages-, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases and developmental disorders.
Abnormal prosody has been frequently identified as a core feature of the syndrome for individuals
with pervasive developmental disorders who were able to speak. The autistic individuals showed
prosodic deficits in primarily the pragmatic and affective aspects of prosody, with grammatical
aspects relatively spared. These differences tended to be persistent and showed little change over
time, even when other aspects of [language] were improved. Discussion: The prosody characteristics of
a person with autism constitute one of the most significant obstacles for his or her social integration
and vocational acceptance. Early identification and suitable intervention on dysprosody can mitigate
the emotional and social problems of this disability and improve the outcome.

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