Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2007; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 29>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi Psikiyatri; 2007;3(29):24-29
Depresif Bozuklukların Tedavisi
F Akdeniz
Psikiyatri AD, Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, İZMİR
Major depresif bozukluk tedavisinde kimi ilkeler vardır: ilk önce etkin terapötik ilişki kurulması gerekir; durumu ile ilgili hasta bilgilendirilmelidir; tedavinin mantığı açıklanmalıdır; hastanın destekleri, sorunları ve güçleri değerlendirilmelidir. Klinisyenin yeteneklerine, hastanın durumuna göre tedavi seçenekleri değerlendirilir. Hafif depresyonda tüm antidepresanlar, bilişsel terapi ve interpersonel terapi eşit etkinliktedir; klinisyenler hangi tedaviyi uygulayacaklarına tedavinin sorunları kadar yararlarını düşünerek karar vermelidir. Orta ve şiddetli depresyonda antidepresanlar psikoterapiden önce gelir. Psikotik depresyonda elektrokonvulzif terapi ya da antidepresanlarla birlikte antipsikotikler verilmelidir. Diğer alt tiplerdeki tedavi seçenekleri makalede tartışılmıştır. Bedensel hastalığı olanlar ve ek ilaç kullananlarda dikkatli olunmalıdır. İlk seçeneğe yanıt alınamadığı zaman kanıta dayalı tedaviye göre ikinci seçenek seçilmelidir. Depresyon sıklıkla yineleyici olduğu için bu yinelemelerin önlenmesi ya da azaltılması çok önemlidir.
The Treatment Of Major Depressive Disorder
There are some principles for the treatment of major depressive disorder: establish an effective therapeutic relationship; provide the patient with information about the condition, the rationale for treatment, consider the patient's strengths, life stresses and supports. Treatment choice depends on the clinician's skills and the patient's circumstances and preferences, and should be guided but not determined by these guidelines. In mildly severe depression, all recognized antidepressants, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) are equally effective; clinicians should consider treatment burdens as well as benefits, including side-effects and toxicity. In moderately severe and severe depression, antidepressant treatment should precede psychological therapy. For depression with psychosis, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or a tricyclic combined with an antipsychotic are equally helpful. Treatments for other subtypes are discussed. Caution is necessary in people on other medication or with medical conditions. If response to an adequate trial of a first-line treatment is poor, another evidence-based treatment should be used. Second opinions are useful. Depression has a high rate of recurrence and efforts to prevent or reduce recurrences are crucial.

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