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Yıl:2007; Cilt: 45; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2007;45(4):147-149
Hipotroidiyle Ortaya Çıkan Reversibl Demansta Tc-99M HMPAO SPECT Tetkikinde Gözlenen Serebral Kan Akımı Anormâlliği
Ş Şahin, D Tan, F Benli, S Karşıdağ
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Maltepe University, Istanbul
Hipotiroidinin klinik tablosu oldukça değişken olup bazen bilişsel etkilenim ve psikiyatrik belirtiler
ile kendini gösterebilmektedir. Kırk dokuz yaşında erkek hasta, nöroloji polikliniğine unutkanlık,
içe kapanma, öğrenmede ve kelime bulmada güçlük yakınması ile başvurmuştur. Daha önceden bir
yıl süreyle benzer şikâyetlerle gittiği hekimler tarafından depresif psödodemans ve muhtemel Alzheimer
Hastalığı ön tanılarıyla izlenen hastanın rutin biyokimyasal incelemelerinde T3 ve T4 düzeylerinde
düşüklük ve TSH düzeylerinde yükseklik saptanmıştır. Tiroid antikorları yüksek olarak saptanan
hastanın tiroid ultrasonografisinde diffüz hipoekojenite saptanmış ve bu bulgular ile hastaya
Hashimoto Tiroiditi tanısı konmuştur. Klinik depresyonu ve demansı nörokognitif testlerle doğ-
rulanan hastanın şikâyetlerinin hipotiroidiye bağlı olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Kranial manyetik rezonans
görüntüleme (MRG)’sinde patoloji saptanmayan hastanın, Technetium-99m-hegzametilpropilenaminoksim
(Tc-99m-HMPAO) ile işaretli beyin tek foton emisyon bilgisayarlı tomografisinde
(single photon emission computed tomography: SPECT) daha çok dejeneratif demans tablolarında
görülmesi beklenen bölgesel serebral hipoperfüzyon izlenmiştir. Hastanın L-tiroksin tedavisi sonrası,
depresif belirtileri gerilemiş, nörokognitif testlerindeki bozulma tama yakın düzelmiştir. Ancak,
bir yıllık takip süresince tekrarlanan SPECT incelemelerinde daha önceden saptanan patolojinin devam
ettiği izlenmiştir. Bu makalede olgumuz temelinde hipotiroidi ile ilişkili nöropsikiyatrik bozukluklar
ve bu tablolardaki tanısal yaklaşımlarda SPECT incelemesinin yeri tartışılmıştır.
Cerebral Blood Flow Abnormality Observed With Tc-99M Hmpao Spect in Reversible Dementia Caused by Hypothyroidism
The clinical presentation of hypothyroidism varies considerably and may be dominated by cognitive
deficits and psychological symptoms. A 49 [year]-old male patient came to our clinic with symptoms
of forgetfulness, decrease in communication, difficulty in remembering and learning, and difficulty
in building sentences. Due to these complaints he was diagnosed as suffering from depressive pseudodementia
and possible Alzheimer’s disease by other physicians. His routine blood investigation
revealed a decrease in T3 and T4 levels, an increase in TSH level, and high levels of antithyroid antibodies.
In addition, thyroid ultrasound showed diffuse hypoechogenity of the thyroid gland. The patient
was diagnosed as suffering from Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis. In addition, his depressive and dementia
symptoms were thought to be caused by hypothyroidism. Neuropsychological testing supported
the diagnosis of depression and dementia. No pathological findings were found in the patient’s
cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but single-photon emission computed tomography
(SPECT) analysis labelled with 99m Technetium hexamethylpropyleneamineoxime (Tc-99m-HMPAO)
demonstrated regional cerebral hypoperfusion, as is mostly seen in degenerative dementias. After
treatment with L-thyroxine, his depressive symptoms and impairment in the neuropsychological testing
mostly disappeared. However, cerebral hypoperfusion in his following brain SPECT continued
over an observation period of one [year]. In this article, we aim to review neuropsychiatric disorders
related to hypothyroidism and the importance of SPECT analysis in their diagnostic investigations.

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