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Yıl:2007; Cilt: 18; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2007;18(3):223-230
Doğum Ardı Psikoz Tanısı Konulan Hastaların Uzun Süreli İzlemi
C Kısa, Ç Aydemir, A Kurt, S Gülen, E Göka
Ankara Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi 1. Psikiyatri Kl., Ankara
Amaç: Bu çalışma doğum-ardı başlangıçlı ve doğumla ilişkili olmayan, ilk psikotik atağını geçiren kadın hastalarda sosyodemografik özelliklerin, klinik belirti olarak konfüzyonun varlığını ve uzun süreli izlem sonuçlarını araştırmak amacıyla tasarlandı.

Yöntem: Çalışmaya 1998?2006 yılları arasında kliniğimizde tedavi gören, doğumdan sonraki ilk 6 ayda ortaya çıkan bir psikotik bozukluk geçirmekte olan 23 hasta alındı. Kontrol grubuna yaş ve eğitim yılı olarak doğum-ardı hasta grubuyla eşleştirilmiş doğumla ilişkili olmayan ilk psikotik atağını geçiren ve kliniğimizde tedavi gören 25 kadın hasta alındı. Sosyodemografik veri formu, Klinik Global İzlenim (KGİ) ölçeği, konfüzyonun varlığını değerlendirmek için Deliryum Derecelendirme Ölçeği (DDÖ) kullanıldı. İzlemdeki son tanılar DSM-IV tanı ölçütlerine göre konuldu.

Bulgular: Doğum-ardı psikozun hastaların % 73.9'unda ilk doğumda geliştiği görüldü. Doğum-ardı psikoz olan 23 hasta 4.00±1.62 (2?6) yıl, kontrol grubu ise 3.96±1.24 (2?6) yıl izlendi. İzlem sonucunda doğum-ardı psikoz hastalarının % 21.7'sine DSM-IV'e göre duygudurum bozukluğu ve % 77.9'una şizofreni ve diğer psikotik bozukluklar tanıları konuldu. Kontrol grubunda ise % 32.0'sine duygudurum bozukluğu ve % 68.0'ine şizofreni ve diğer psikotik bozukluklar tanıları konuldu. Doğum-ardı psikoz hastalarında konfüzyon kontrol grubuna göre daha sık görüldü. Ruhsal bozukluklar doğum-ardı psikoz hastalarının izlenmesi süresince % 65.2 ve kontrol grubunda ise % 72 oranında yineledi.

Sonuç: Doğum-ardı psikoz konfüzyonun varlığı dışında DSM-IV'te yer alan tanılardan farklı bir seyir göstermedi. İzlemde doğum-ardı psikoz ve doğum dışı ilk psikotik atak hastalarına benzer şekilde daha çok şizofreni ve diğer psikotik bozukluklar tanısı konuldu. Bu sonuç DSM-IV'te belirtilen ruhsal bozukluk tanılarından, tanısal açıdan farklı bir değerlendirmeye gerek olmadığı düşüncesini desteklemektedir.
Long Term Follow-Up of Patients with Postpartum Psychosis
Objective: This research compared the demographic features, presence of confusion, and long-term follow-up results of women with postpartum psychosis to control subjects.

Method: The study included 23 patients with symptoms that emerged in the six- [month] period after delivery who were followed-up between 1998 and 2006. The control group consisted of 25 age- and education level-matched female patients experiencing their first psychotic episode. Data were collected with a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Clinical Global Impression Scale, and the Delirium Rating Scale. Final diagnoses were made according to DSM-IV.

Results: Among the postpartum women, 73.9% developed psychosis during their first parturition. The postpartum psychosis and control groups were followed-up for 4.00 ± 1.62 (range: 2-6) and 3.96 ± 1.24 (range: 2-6) [year]s, respectively. During the follow-up period, 21.7% of the postpartum patients developed a mood disorder, and 77.9% developed schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Among those in the control group, 32.0% were diagnosed with a mood disorder and 68.0% with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. The distribution of final diagnoses in the 2 groups were similar. Patients with postpartum psychosis experienced more confusion than the control subjects. During the follow-up period, 65.2% of the patients with postpartum psychosis and 72% of the control patients had recurrence.

Conclusion: The course of postpartum psychosis was similar to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, except for the presence of confusion. During the follow-up period, most of the patients in both groups were diagnosed with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. This result indicated that there is no need for other diagnostic criteria for postpartum psychosis other than those presently contained in DSM-IV.

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