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Yıl:1998; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 1998;5(2):99-111
Bebeklikte Beslenme İlişkisi, Sorunları ve Tedavi Yaklaşımları
G Erden
Ankara Üniversitesi, Çocuk Psikiyatrisi Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.\r\n\r\n
Amaç: Bu yazıda beslenme ilişkisinin ve anne çocuk etkileşiminin önemi vurgulanarak, bebeklik ve çocukluk çağında ortaya çıkan, beslenme bozukluklarının gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca beslenme bozukluklarının tedavisi ve daha da önemlisi önleme çalışmaları tartışılmıştır. Yöntem: Beslenme ilişkisi ve anne çocuk etkileşimi üzerinde yoğunlaşan kitap, dergi, araştırma yazıları geniş kapsamlı bir araştırma ile incelenmiştir.Gözden geçirilen yayınların 112'sinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu yayınlar seçilirken,içeriklerine, geçmişten günümüze geniş bir yelpaze çizebilmesine ve sıklıkla adından söz edilen yayınlar olmasına özen gösterilmiştir. Sonuçlar: Gözden geçirilen yayınlara göre; beslenme çocuğun ve annenin özelliklerine bağlı olarak, karşılıklı gelişen bir süreçtir. Bebekler emme ve yutma yetisine doğuştan sahip oldukları gibi besinin kalori durumuna ve vücudun gereksinimine bağlı olarak kendi beslenmelerine bir yön biçerler. Beslenme ilişkisinin başlamasıyla birlikte, anne ve çocuk değişik biçimlerde birbirlerinden etkilenirler. Bazı anneler bebeği besleme konusunda rahat, çok yetenekli ve esnektirler. Bazıları ise kaygılı, acemi ve katıdırlar. Benzer şekilde bazı çocuklar beslenmeye beslenmeye olumlu yanıt verir, uyum sağlarlar. Bazıları ise, geri çekilir ve beslenmeyi redederler. Bebekler beslenme gereksinimlerini, ağlama ve huzursuzlanma ile belli ederken, annenin bu mesajı doğru algılayıp zamanında ve uygun yanıt vermesine bağlı olarak besinin kabul ederler ya da zor beslenirler. Tartışma: Beslenme bozukluklarının ortaya çıkışında, beslenme ilişkisi ve anne çocuk etkileşimi kavramları önemli rol oynamaktadır. Beslenme ilişkisi ve anne çocuk etkileşimine odaklanma , beslenme bozukluklarının önlenmesine katkıda bulunacaktır.

Feeding Relationships, Problems and Treatment Approaches in Infancy
Objective: The aim of this paper is to review the feeding disordes of infancy emphasizing on feeding relationship and mother child interaction. Treatment and prevention studies are discussed as well. Method: Books and articles on feeding relationship and mother child interaction are reviewed by an extensive research on the subject. 112 of the reviewed articles are used for this article. The articles have been selected by considering their content, broad scope and frequent referencing. Results: According to reviewed material, feeding is reciprocal process that depends on the abilities and the characteristics of both mother and child. Infants have the capability of sucking and taking semisolid foods. When feeding starts, the mother and child work on the process with more or less flexibility and skill. Some mothers are very skillful and resourcrful, and some manner. He may react positively and adaptively or he may withdraw or scream. The process of feeding infant goes best when mothers adjust their approach to the infant's timing, preference, pacing and eating capability. Discussion: Feeding relationship and mother child interaction emerges as a very important concept in relation to feeding disorders of infancy. Stressing on this relationship and interaction will bear importance in prevention of feeding disorders.

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