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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 13; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2006;13(3):130-136
Otistik Bozukluğun Erken Belirtileri ve Tanısı
Ş Bodur, AŞ Soysal, E İşeri, S Şenol
Gazi Üniv. Tıp Fak. Çocuk Psikiyatrisi Anabilim Dalı, Ankara
Amaç: Otizm iletişim, sosyal etkileşim ve davranış alanlarım etkileyen nörogelişimsel bir bozukluktur.. Otizm tanısının erken konulması gerek bu konu ile çalışan uzmanların artan ilgi ve deneyimleri gerekse ailelerin bilinçlenmesi ile yakından ilgilidir. Bu makalede otizmde erken belirtilerin ve tanının, erken tanı araç ve yöntemlerinin gözden geçirilmesi ve erken tanının öneminin vurgulanması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Konu ile ilgili araştırma ve gözden geçirme yazıları incelenmiş ve gelişimsel özellikler özetlenmiştir. Sonuçlar: Küçük çocuklara, otizm tanısı koymak çoğu kez zor olmakta ve güvenilir tanı koymak için çocuğun birçok defa değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Erken dönem belirtilerin daha iyi tanınması, bebeğin iletişim düzeyinin ve duygusal bağlılığının gelişimsel olarak yakından izlenmesi prognozu olumlu etkilemektedir. Klinik değerlendirmelerde üç yaş öncesi çocuklarda dil gelişimi, sosyal etkileşim ve davranış alanlarında görülen belirtilerin değerlendirilmesi için bu dönemin gelişimsel özelliklerinin ve bozukluğun erken belirtilenin bilinmesi gerekir. Bu değerlendirme için detaylı öykü alınması ve klinik muayene yanı sıra tarama testlerinden de yararlanılmaktadır. Tartışma: Erken tanı erken müdahaleyi de sağladığından tedavi sürecini olumlu etkilemektedir. Bu süreç içinde aileye verilen destek ve eğitim de oldukça önemlidir.
Early Symptoms and Diagnosis Of Autistic Disorder
Objective: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder with core deficits in socialization, communication, and behavior. Early diagnosis of autism is closely related with increasing concern and experience of specialists and parental awareness. In this paper early symptoms and diagnosis of autism, early diagnostic, tools were reviewed and the importance of early diagnosis was focused. Method: Researches and reviews were screened and developmental characteristics were summarized. Results: Diagnosing autism is most difficult during infancy. Because of this reason to put an accurate diagnosis recurrent evaluation is generally necessary for this age group. A better knowledge of the first signs of the autism and monitoring regularly the developmental level of the communication and emotional engagement of the baby would allow a better prognosis. In order to evaluate [language] development, social interaction and behavior before three [year]s of age. it is crucial to known the developmental properties of this period and early symptoms of autism. Besides detailed history and clinical examination screening tests are also useful. Discussion: Early diagnosis gives the chance of early treatment and positively effects the process of the treatment. In this period giving support to the parents and educating them are also very important.

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