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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 13; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2006;13(3):98-105
Ana-Baba Tutumları İle Öğretmen Davranışlarının Çocuklarda Öğrenilmiş Çaresizlik Düzeyi İle İlişkileri
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Dicle Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Psikoloji Bölümü. Diyarbakır
Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı; ana-baba tutumları, öğretmen davranışları ve öğrencilerin öğrenilmiş çaresizlik düzeyi ile ilişkilerini tespit etmektir. Bu bağlamda ana-baba tutumları ile öğretmen davranışlarının öğrencilerdeki öğrenilmiş çaresizlikle ilişkilerinin regresyon analizi ile önem sıralamasının ortaya konulması ' amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırmanın evreni Diyarbakır ilinde ilköğretim okulu 1. kademede okuyan 5. sınıf öğrencileridir. Alt. orta ve üst sosyoekonomik düzeydeki ailelerin çocuklarının devam ettiği üç okuldan seçkisiz olarak seçilen 191 öğrenci bu araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada Öğrenilmiş Çaresizlik Ölçeği. Ana-Baba Tutumları Ölçeği ve Algılanan Öğretmen Davranışları Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar: Çocukta öğrenilmiş çaresizliğin oluşumunda annenin çocuklarına yönelik otoriter davranışları, babanın ve öğretmenin otoriter davranışlarına göre daha etkili bir faktör olduğu araştırma bulgularıyla Oltaya konmuştur. Erkek öğrenciler, kız öğrencilere göre daha yoğun öğrenilmiş çaresizlik yaşamaktadırlar. Ailenin sosyo-ekonomik düzeyleri ile öğrenilmiş çaresizlik arasında ilişkiler bulunmaktadır Öğrenilmiş çaresizliğin oluşumunda öğrencilerin yükleme biçimleri önemlidir. Öğrencilerin başarısızlığa karşı içsel yükleme yapmaları öğrenilmiş çaresizliğe neden olmakla birlikte, dışsal yükleme yapmaları öğrenilmiş çaresizliğe sebebiyet vermemektedir. Tartışma: Sağlıklı bir kişilik gelişimi açısından çocukların sorunları ile baş edebilmesi açısından desteklenmesi gerekmektedir. Sorunlarıyla başa çıkmada başarılı olan bireyler kendilerine yönelik olumlu bir benlik geliştirecekler, buna karşılık sorunlarıyla başa çıkmada başarısız olan çocukların ise kendilerine yönelik olumsuz benlik geliştirmeleri kaçınılmaz olacaktır. Özellikle anne-baba ve öğretmenlerin çocuklara yönelik yaklaşımları onların kendilerine yönelik olumlu benlik geliştirmelerinde etkilidir.
The Relationship Between Parents' And Teachers' Attitudes And Learned Helplessness Levels Of Children
Objective: The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between parents' attitudes and teachers' behaviors and learned helplessness levels of children. Regression analysis was performed in the current study to find out the impact of parents' and teachers' attitudes to learned helplessness levels of students. Method: The subjects of the study was 191 fifth grade primary school students in Diyarbakir who had been selected randomly from three primary schools of lower, medium and higher socio-economical levels. Learned Helplessness Scale. Parents' Attitudes Scale and Perceived Teachers' Behaviors Scale was three scales used in the research. Results: Mothers' authoritarian attitudes towards their children were found to be a more effective factor than fathers' and teachers' attitudes in terms of consisting learned helplessness in children. Male students were observed to experience more intense learned helplessness than female students. A relation was been found between the socio-economical level of the family and the learned helplessness of the child. Students' styles of charging were also found to be important in consisting learned helplessness. Although students' internal charging against failure caused learned helplessness, their external charging against failure did not result in learned helplessness. Discussion: In order to achieve healthy personalities, children should be supported to develop coping strategies to overcome their problems. Individuals who are successful in overcoming their problems will develop a positive self-sense and positive personalities. On the other hand, it is inevitable that children who are not able to handle their own problems will have negative personalities. Especially parents' and teachers' attitudes towards children are especially effective for developing positive personalities of children.

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