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Yıl:2007; Cilt: 18; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2007;18(1):38-47
Psikotik Hastalarda Hastalık Açıklama Modeli ve Çare Arama Davranışı
S Ünal, B Kaya, HD Yalvaç
İnönü Ü Tıp Fak., Psikiyatri AD., Malatya
Amaç: Bu çalışmada İnönü Üniversitesi Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Psikiyatri Kliniği’nde tedavi görmekte olan bir grup psikoz hastasında, hastalıklarını açıklama nedenleri ve çare arama yöntemleri araştırıldı.

Yöntem: Çalışma 2002-2003 yılları arasında psikiyatri kliniğine başvuran ve DSM-IV ölçütlerine göre şizofreni ve şizoafektif bozukluk tanısı konan hastalarda yapıldı. Hastalarla demografik bilgilerini, hastalıklarını nasıl açıkladıklarını ve nasıl çareler aradıklarını sorgulayan kısa anket tarzında yarı yapılandırılmış bir görüşme gerçekleştirildi.

Bulgular: Çalışma kapsamına alınan 88 hastanın (50 erkek, 38 kadın) yaş ortalaması 31,2± 9,3 (16-57) idi. Hastaların % 46,6’sı hastalıklarını aile sorunlarına, % 42’si kendi iç sorunlarına, % 19,3’ü ekonomik güçlüklere, % 10,2’si ise doğaüstü güçlere atfetmekteydi. Hastaların % 51,1’i çare aramak için geleneksel-dinsel tedavi yöntemlerine, % 19,3’ü tıp doktorlarına, % 65,9’u psikiyatra başvurduğunu belirtti.

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, düşük eğitim düzeyindeki hastaların daha fazla tıp dışı çare aramaya yöneldikleri, eğitim düzeyi arttıkça psikiyatra başvurunun arttığı gözlenmiştir. Bu durum, hastanın ve ailesinin psikoz konusunda bilgilenmelerini sağlayacak ruhsal eğitim programlarının uygulanmasının yararlı olacağını düşündürmektedir.
Patients’ Explanation Models for Their Illness and Help-Seeking Behavior
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate some variables that affect patients’ explanation models for their illness and help-seeking behavior.

Methods: Sampling was done between 2002 and 2003 among psychiatric patients who were admitted to university hospital in Malatya. Diagnoses of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder were made according to DSM-IV criteria. A semi-structured interview based on a short questionnaire was conducted for collecting patient demographic data, and patient explanatory model for illness and help-seeking behavior.

Results: The 88 patients that were evaluated included 50 males and 38 females. The mean age of the patients was 31.22 ± 9.29 [year]s (range: 16-57 [year]s). In explaining their disease, 46.6% of the patients cited family trouble, 42% their inner problems, 19.3% economic difficulties, and 10.2% cited the consequences of supernatural forces. Among the patients, help-seeking behavior included visiting traditional and religious healers (51.1%), presenting to medical doctors (19.3%), and visiting a psychiatrist (65.9%).

Conclusion: The study revealed that patients with low-level education were more prone to seek religious solutions and those with high-level education tended to visit a psychiatrist. It has been suggested that psycho-educational programs for patients and families will be very useful in ameliorating the problems created by the disease.

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