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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 44; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2006;44(4):182-188
Menopoz: Klimakterik Belirtiler ve Cinsel Doyum Arasındaki İlişki
GS Varma, F Karadağ, NK Oğuzhanoğlu, O Özdel, S Kökten
Pamukkale Üniv. Tıp Fak. Psikiyatri ABD, Denizli
Amaç: Çalışmada, doğal ve cerrahî menopoz dönemindeki kadınlarda, depresyon, anksiyete, kli­makterik belirtiler ve bunların cinsel doyum üzerine etkisinin araştırılması, amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışma PAÜTF Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum polikliniğine başvuran 32 doğal ve 18 cerra­hi menopozlu toplam 50 kadın ile tamamlanmıştır. Değerlendirme sosyodemografik veri formu, Hamilton Depresyon (HAM-D), Hamilton Anksiyete (HAM-A) ve Green Klimakterik Skalaları (GKS) ve Golombok Rust Cinsel Doyum Ölçeği (GRCDÖ) ile yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışma grubumuz çoğunluğu kentte yaşayan, ilköğretim mezunu, ev hanımı kadınlar­dan oluşmaktadır. Kadınların HAM-D puan ortalamaları 7.74(5.70 ve HAM-A puan ortalamaları 14.26(10.16 olarak saptandı. En sık görülen klimakterik belirtiler konsantrasyon güçlüğü (n:36 %72); sinirlilik ve gerginlik (n:31 %62), yorgunluk ve güçsüzlük (n:30 %60); mutsuzluk (n:30 %60); ağlama nöbetleri (n:26 %52) isteksizlik (n:29 %58); çabuk sinirlenme (n:27 %54) ve sıcak basmala­rı (n:32 %64); gece terlemeleri (n:27 %54) ile cinsel isteksizlik (n:34 %68) olarak belirlendi. Eğitim yılı ile GKS'nin psikolojik, somatik belirtiler ve toplam puanları arasında ve GRCDÖ'nün anorgaz-mi, dokunma ve kaçınma puanları arasında negatif korelasyon tesbit edildi (p<0.05). GKS'nin dep-resif ve anksiyete belirtileri ile GRCDÖ'nin kaçınma ve anorgazmi; somatik belirtiler ile dokunma ve cinsel istek azlığı ile dokunma, kaçınma, anorgazmi puanları arasında pozitif yönde korelasyon izlendi (p<0.05). Anksiyete, depresyon, klimakterik belirtiler ve cinsel doyum açısından doğal ve cerrahî menopoz grupları arasında belirgin farklılık saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). Tartışma: Çalışma grubumuzdaki kadınlarda en yaygın klimakterik belirtilerin hafif şiddetli psiko­lojik belirtiler olduğu, bunu vazomotor belirtiler ve cinsel isteksizliğin izlediği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bulgularımız klimakterik belirtilerin depresyon ve anksiyete belirtilerinden, eğitim düze­yinden etkilendiğini, cinsel doyumu olumsuz olarak etkilediğini düşündürmektedir.
Menopause: Relationship Between Climacteric Symptoms and Sexual Satisfaction
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate depression and anxiety levels, climacteric symp­toms and sexual satisfaction in naturally occurred and surgically induced postmenopausal women and also the effects of symptoms on the sexual satisfaction.
Method: Fifty women (32 natural menopauses and 18 surgical menopauses) attended to this study in Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Pamukkale University. Psychological outcome was measured by using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-AX Green Climacteric Symptom Scale (GKS) and Golombock Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS).
Findings: This majority of the group were housewives living in urban parts, and from primary school level of education. HAM-D (7.74(5.70) and HAM-A (14.26(10.16) scores showed that these women suffered from mild depression and anxiety symptoms. Most of the climacteric symptoms were difficulties in concentrating (n:36 72%), feeling tense or nervous (n:31 62%), feeling tired or lacking in energy (n:30 60%); feeling unhappy (n:30 60%); crying spells (n:26 52%), loss of interest in things (n:29 58%), irritability (n:27 54%), hot flashes (n:32 64%), night sweats (n:27 54%), and decrease in sexual desire (n:34 68%). We found a negative correlation between education levels, climacteric symptoms and anorgasmia, sensuality, avoidance scores of GRISS (p<0.05). We found a positive correlation between menopause period and sexual dissatisfaction (p<0.05). Climacteric symptoms may effects in sexual satisfaction negatively (p<0.05). Natural and surgical menopause groups did not differ in HAM-D, HAM-A, GKS and GRISS (p>0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: This study suggested that menopause associated with mild level an­xiety and depressive symptoms may lead to sexual dissatisfaction which was related with educati­onal levels. Psychological symptoms were common but mild in our group. Climacteric symptoms af­fected sexual satisfaction negatively especially in psychological parameters.

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