Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2006; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2006;9(2):82-88
Basit Şizofreni
ETÖ Kızıl
Şizofreni klinik belirtiler, seyir, tedaviye yanıt, bilişsel işlevler ve patofizyolojisi bakımından tanısı, tedavisi ve üzerinde araştırma yapılmasını zorlaştıracak ölçüde heterojen bir bozukluktur. Bu bozukluğu daha iyi anlamak, daha homojen hale getirmek amacıyla birçok alt tipleme ve sınıflandırma yapılmıştır. Bu ayrımlardan biri olan basit şizofreni tarihsel niteliğe sahip, ancak tanısal geçerliliği halen tartışmalı olan bir kavramdır. Basit şizofreni Andreasenin tanımladığı "negatif şizofreni", Liddleın tanımladığı "psikomotor yoksulluk sendromu" ve Carpenterın tanımladığı "defisit şizofreni" kavramları ile örtüşmekle beraber, pozitif belirtilerin tamamen dışlanmış olması nedeniyle ayrılır. Bu açıdan negatif şizofreninin bir alt grubunu temsil ettiği öne sürülmektedir. Ancak pozitif belirtilerin dışlanması özellikle kesitsel değerlendirmelerde tanısal geçerliliğini düşürmektedir. Ayrıca bu bozukluğun negatif belirtilerle özellikli olan ve basit şizofreninin yerine tanımlanan şizoid ve şizotipal kişilik bozukluklarından da ayırd edilmesi gerekmektedir. Nadir görülmesi, zor tanı konması nedeniyle tanı sistemlerinden çıkarılmış ve araştırmalarda yeterince yer bulamamıştır. Var olan az sayıdaki çalışma da örneklem sayılarının az olması nedeniyle genellemelere imkan vermemektedir. Ancak klinik pratikte negatif belirtileri ön planda olup, işlevsellikleri oldukça düşük olan ve antipsikotik tedaviye yeterince yanıt vermeyen tanısı tartışmalı bir grup hastanın varlığı göz ardı edilememektedir. Buradan yola çıkılarak çok merkezli çalışmalara gereksinim olduğu söylenebilir. Bu yazıda basit şizofreninin tarihsel bir bakış açısı içinde ele alınıp, yapılan çalışmaların gözden geçirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Simple Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a highly heterogenous disorder with respect to its clinical symptoms, prognosis, treatment response, cognitive dysfunctions and pathophysiology which complicates diagnosis, treatment and clinical research. Several subtypes and categorizations were developed in order to understand and homogenize this disorder. As one of these subtypes, simple schizophrenia has a historical priority, although its diagnostic validity is still questionable. Simple schizophrenia resembles "negative schizophrenia" which was defined by Andreasen, "psychomotor poverty syndrome" which was defined by Liddle and "deficit syndrome" which was defined by Carpenter. But simple schizophrenia is differentiated from all these concepts by the total exception of positive symptoms. So, it was suggested as a subgroup of "negative schizophrenia". However, exception of positive sympoms lowers the diagnostic validity of this disorder especially at the cross-sectional evaluation. Also, simple schizophrenia should be differentiated from other substitutes like schizotypal and schizoid personality disorders which are also characterized by negative symptoms. Simple schizophrenia was replaced from diagnostic systems and it was not sufficiently studied due to its rare occurence and difficult diagnosis. Unfortunately, the results of few existing studies can not be generalized because of their small sample sizes. However, in clinical practice there are some patients with predominant negative symptoms, poor social and occupational functioning and poor antipsychotic response whom can not be neglected. Therefore multi- centered studies are needed. In this paper, simple schizophrenia will be discussed in a historical perspective and previous studies will be reviewed.

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