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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 16; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni; 2006;16(3):195-206
Şizofrenide Açıklama Modelleri ve Proton Manyetik Rezonans Spektroskopi Çalışmaları
HM Emül, Ö Geçici, A Haktanır
Afyon Kocatepe Ü. Tıp Fak. Psikiyatri ABD, Afyon
Şizofreniyi açıklama ve anlama çabaları görüntüleme teknikleri yoluyla uzun yıllardan beri devam etmektedir. Proton Manyetik Rezonans Spektroskopisi (1H MRS) şizofreni çalışmalarında kullanılan en son tekniklerdendir. Bu non-invazif teknikle beyinde in vivo N-asetil aspartat (NAA), kolin (Cho), kreatin (Cr), miyoinozitol (mI), glutamat (Glx) ve laktat gibi biyokimyasal metabolitleri ölçmek olasıdır. Araştırmaların ço- ğunda sağlıklılara oranla psikotik bozukluğu olanlarda NAA, bazen Glx değişiklikleri, az sayıda Cho ve Cr değişiklikleri saptanmıştır. Bu değişikliklerin olası nedenleri ve sonuçları şizofrenideki nörogelişimsel, nörodejeneratif, glutamerjik eksitotoksisite ve tüm kuramların entegrasyonunu öne süren şizofreni açıklama modellerine katkıları açısından tartışılmıştır. Şizofreni çalışmalarının çoğunda ihmal edilen alt tiplemeler açısından MRS sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları nın çeşitliliğinin görüntüleme tekniği, araştırmaların metodolojisi ya da hastalığa bağlı epifenomenolojik bir durumdan kaynaklanabileceğ ine dikkati çekmek amaçlanmıştır.
The descriptive models and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies used in schizophrenia
There have been long time efforts to understand and describe schizophrenia. Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H MRS) is a new technique that is used in schizophrenia researches. In vivo brain biochemicals such as N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), glutamate-glutamine (Glx), lactate, myoinositole (mI) levels become available to be measured via non-invasive 1H MRS technique. In the most of the studies NAA differences were common while sometimes glx, and less Cho, Cr differences were seen in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. The possible causes, consequences and effects of these Sndings were discussed from the point of neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, glutamargic excitotoxicity and integrative model in schizophrenia. Also the 1H MRS Sndings were assessed among the subtypes of schizophrenia. We intended to emphasize the difficulties of 1H MRS technique, the methodological problems of the studies, and the possible epiphenomenological conditions while considering these inconclusive findings.

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