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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Bağımlılık Dergisi; 2006;7(2):84-90
Çocukların Sigara içen ve İçmeyenleri Algılama Biçimleri
H Yazıcı, İ Ak
Karadeniz Teknik Univ. Fatih Eğitim Fak. Psikolojik Danışına ve Rehberlik Programı
Amaç: Sigara içmeye başlama yaşı çocukluk dönemine kadar gerilemiştir. Çocukların sigara içen yetişkinleri gözleyerek onların davranışlarını model almaları bu davranışın ortaya çıkmasında etkili olan faktörlerden biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çocukların sigara içen ve içmeyen bireylerin bazı özelliklerini nasıl algıladıklarını belirlemeye çalışmaktır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu çalışmaya 373 gönüllü çocuk katılmıştır. Katılanların %49.9'u kız (n = 186), %50.1'i erkektir (n =187). Katılanların yaş ortalaması 12.21 'dir. (Ss =1.56, Enyüksek=17, En düşük=lO). Araştırmada sigara içen ve içmeyenleri algılamayla ilgili 29 maddeden oluşan kontrol listesi kullanılmıştır. Veri analizlerinde yüzdelik dağılım ve Pearson ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Sigara içen bireylerin özelliklerini algılamada kız ve erkekler arasında bazı önemli farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Erkeklerin %32'si ve kızla­rın %42'si sigara içenleri şık-zarif (x2= 4.17, sd = 2, p< .05), erkeklerin %25'i, kızların %34'ü temiz (x2= 3.71, sd = 2, p< .05), erkeklerin %63'ü, kızların %48'i boyun eğmeyen (x2= 9.16, sd = 2, p< .05), erkeklerin %66'sı ve kızların %75'i sigara içmeyenleri lider (x2= 4.12, sd = 2, p< .05), erkeklerin %58'i, kızların %68'i boyun eğmeyen (x2= 3.77, sd = 2, p< .05) kişiler ola­rak algılamaktadır.
Sonuç: Sigara içmeyle ilgili yüklemeler ve ye­tişkinlerin model alınması, çocukların sigara içmeye başlama eğilimlerini arttırmaktadır. Bu bulgular si­gara içmeyi önleme etkinliklerinin erken yaşlardan itibaren başlatılması gerekliliğini göstermektedir.
Children's Perceptions of Smokers and Nonsmokers
Objective: Initiation of smoking takes place in childhood. One of the factors contributing to this early start is taking adult smokers as their model in their social learning environment. Aim of this study is to de­termine how children perceive some characteristics of smokers and non-smokers.
Method: The participants were 373 volunteer children in this descriptive study. The gender distributi­on among children was 49.9% girls (n=186) 51.1% boys (n=187). The mean age of the subjects was 12.21 [year]s (SD = 1.56, Maximum = 17, Minimum = 10). Checklist consisting of 29 items was used to assess perceptions of smokers and nonsmokers. In the analysis of the data percentage dispersion and Pearson chi-square analysis were used.
Results: Certain significant differences have been found between boys and girls in terms of their percep­tions about smokers; 32% of the boys and 42% of the girls perceive the smokers as smart-elegant (x2 = 4.17, df = 2, p<.05), 25% of the boys and 34% of the girls perceive them as virtuous (x2= 3.71, df = 2, p<.05) and 63% of the boys and 48% of the girls perceive them as not submissive (x2= 9.16, df = 2, p<05), 66% of the boys and 75% of the girls perceive the non-smokers as leaders (x2= 4.12, df = 2, p<.05), 58% of the boys and 68% of the girls perceive them as not submissive people (x2= 3.77, df = 2, p<.05).
Conclusion: Attributions related to smoking and taking adults as a models affect children's smoking tendency in initiation phase. These results show that smoking prevention programs should be directed to very early ages.

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