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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 44; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2006;44(3):136-140
Geç Çocukluk Döneminde Vitiligo: Bir Olgu Sunumu
M Yılmaz, F Maner, M Tosun
Bakırköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi
Amaç: Vitiligo nispeten yaygın, edinsel depigmente edici bir bozukluktur. Çocukluk veya genç eriş­kin dönemde sıklıkla ortaya çıkmaktadır. Çocuklukta başlayan vitiligo, önemli psikolojik travmalar­la ilişkili olup, çocukların özgüveninde kalıcı etkiler oluşturabilir.
Yöntem: Fokal vitiligo ve depresyon saptanan 10 yaşındaki erkek çocukta klinik özellikler ve psi-kososyal faktörlerle ilişkisi ve tedaviye yanıtı değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: İki ay önce başlayan psikomotor yavaşlama, anhedoni, isteksizlik, iştah azalması, sırtın­da 1 cm, sağ dirseğinde 2 cm çapında beyaz lekeler ortaya çıktı. Altı ay önce bakımında çok önem­li yeri olan anneannesinin vefatı, babasının iflâsı ve başka bir yere taşındıkları için okul ve arkadaş çevresinden ayrılması söz konusuydu. Bir yaşına kadar alerji ve sık ishali olduğu, katı bir tuvalet eği­timi verildiği, karanlık korkusu, uykusuzluk, hırçınlık nöbetlerinin ve cinsellikle ilgili konulara me­raklı olduğu, başvuru sırasında henüz sünnet olmadığı öğrenildi. Dermatoloji Kliniği tarafından fo­kal vitiligo olarak değerlendirilerek, dermatolojik tedaviye ek olarak psikiyatrik tedavi önerildi. Ço­cuklar İçin Depresyon Ölçeğinden (ÇDÖ) 20 puan alarak, DSM IV TR tanı ölçütlerine göre majör depresyon tanısı aldı. Altı ay süre ile destekleyici, kognitif yaklaşımlı psikoterapötik görüşmeler ya­nı sıra, fluoksetin 10 mg/gün başlandı. Tedavi süresinin sonunda depresif bulguları ve cilt lezyonları tamamen kayboldu.
Tartışma: Vitiligonun, yatkın kişilerde stres etmenlerinin etkisi ile erken yaşlarda bile ortaya çıka­bilmesi açısından, 10 yaşında başlayan bu olgu ilginçtir. Sinir sistemi ve epidermisin aynı embriyolojik kökene sahip olması, psişe ile cilt arasındaki ilişkinin yakınlığının ifadesidir. Olgudaki sevilen kişinin kaybı, ekonomik sıkıntıların yarattığı zorluklar, okul ve çevre değişikliğinin yarattığı uyum sorunları, depresif belirtiler ile görüntü bozukluğu yaratan cilt lezyonlarının gelişmesini kolaylaş­tırmıştır.
Sonuç: Bu olgu ile dermatolojik hastaların tedavisinde, ek olarak psikiyatrik destek ve psikotrop ilâçların tedavideki önemi vurgulanmaktadır.
Vitiligo in Late Childhood - A Case Report
Purpose: Vitiligo is a relatively common, acquired, depigmentating disorder. It is frequently ma­nifested in childhood or early adulthood. Vitiligo beginning in childhood is related with prominent psychological trauma and has deep impact on their self-esteem.
Method: In this article, clinical features, psychological factors and response to treatment are eva­luated in a ten [year]s old male child with focal vitiligo and depression.
Results: The complaints of psychomotor slowness, anhedonia, unwillingness, decrease in appeti­te, white spots on his back and his right elbow with diameter 1 cm and 2 cm respectively. Death of grandmother who is very important in his rearing, the economical loss of his father, moving to another place and separating from his peers are the important life events for the last six [month]s. During the admission, it is declared that he had allergy and frequent diarrhea till first [year]s old, ri­gid toilet training, fear of darkness, insomnia, temper tantrum episodes, curiosity in sexuality, be­ing uncircumcised. He is diagnosed as focal vitiligo at Dermatology Clinic and suggested psychiat­ric treatment in addition. His score is 20 at Depression Scale for Children and had major depressi­on according to DSM IV TR diagnostic criteria. Besides supportive, cognitive oriented psychotherapies, he has treated with 10 mg/day fluoxetine for six [month]s. All the depressive symptoms and skin lesions were disappeared at the end of the treatment.
Discussion: This ten [year]s old case is interesting that vitiligo begins in vulnerable people under stress conditions, even in early [year]s. The same embryological origin of the nervous system and epidermis represents the close relationship between psyche and skin. The loss of beloved ones, the difficulties of economical losses, the adaptation problems due to changes in school and the envi­ronment facilitate the development of the disfiguring skin lesions and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: It is emphasized with this case, the importance of the additional psychiatric support and psychotropic medication in treating dermatological patients.

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