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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 13; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2006;13(1):19-24
Yaygın Gelişimsel Bozukluklar ve İletişim Bozukluklarında İlk Başvuru Yaşları
K Gürkan, T Türkbay
Ankara Üniv. Tip Fakültesi, Çocuk Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, Ankara
Amaç: Konuşma gecikmesi olan çocukların uzmanlara ilk başvuru zamanı, tanı konulması ve erken müdahalelerin yapılması bakımından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada konuşma gecikmesi yakınmasıyla getirilen yaygın gelişimsel bozukluğu (YGB) ve iletişim bozuklukları (İB) olan olguların ilk başvuru özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: GATA Çocuk Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalına anne-babası tarafından getirilen 127 YGB ve 58 İB olgularının, ilk başvuru zamanı ve muayenelerine ilişkin bilgiler geriye dönük olarak incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar: YGB ve İB grupları arasında olguların cinsiyet, ilk başvuru yaşı, yürüme yaşı, perinatal komplikasyonlar, taraf tercihi ve anne-baba eğitim süreleri yönünden anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır. İB başlığı alanda yer alan bozukluklar grup içinde karşılaştırıldıklarında ilk başvuru yaşı bakımından fark gözlenmemiştir. Perinatal komplikasyon öyküsü olan İB olgularının ilk başvuru yaşı anlamlı olarak daha düşük iken, YGB grubunda fark bulunmamıştır. YGB grubunda annelerin eğitim süresi ile olguların ilk başvuru yaşı arasında negatif bağıntı saptanmıştır. Tartışma: YGB ile İB arasında ilk başvuru yaşı açısından anlamlı fark olmaması, iki grup bozuklukta da anne-babada kaygı uyandıran temel başvuru nedeninin konuşma-dil gelişimindeki sorunlar olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Ailelerin ve birinci basamak sağlık çalışanlarının konuşma-dil sorunları dışındaki otistik belirtiler konusunda bilgilendirilmelerinin sağlanması ve bu çocuklara yönelik uygun tarama programlarının oluşturulması erken tanılamayı kolaylaştıracaktır.
Initial Psychiatric Referral Ages by Pervasive Developmental Disorders and Communication Disorders
Objective: The age at initial psychiatric referral of children with speech delay is important for early diagnosis and intervention of causative developmental disorders. The purpose of this study was to compare the ages and developmental properties at the initial clinical referral of pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) and communication disorders (CDs). Method: The sample of the study consisted of 127 cases with PDDs and 58 cases with CDs who referred to the department of child and adolescent psychiatry of GATA with speech delay. The age and clinical data at the initial referral were assessed retrospectively using the patients records. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the sex ratio, age at initial referral, walking time, perinatal complications, hand preference, and parents' education levels between the PDD patients and the CD patients. The age at initial referral wasn't different among the subgroups of CDs. The CD cases who have a history of specific perinatal complication had earlier referral than those without a perinatal complication, but PDD cases showed no difference. In PDD group, a significant negative correlation was detected between the mother's education level and the first referral age of the children. Discussion: We suggest that the most common parental concern at initial referral is delayed speech or [language] development in both group of disorders, because there was no significant difference between PDD and CD groups in terms of their first referral age. Giving information about autistic symptoms other than speech- [language] problems to general practitioners and families, as well as performing screening programs may provide earlier identification of these disorders.

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