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Yıl:1996; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Ege Psikiyatri Sürekli Yayınları; 1996;1(1):87-94
Narkolepsi-Katapleksi Sendromu
H Kaynak
İ.Ü. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Nöroloji ABD, İstanbul
İlk tarif edilen uyku hastalıklarından olan narkolepsi-katapleksi sendromu, gündüz dayanılmaz uyku atakları, heyecanla ortaya çıkan tam veya kısmi kas tonusu azalması, uykuya dalarken veya uyanırken yaşanan halusinasyonlar ve uyku felcinden oluşan semptomlarla şekillenmektedir. Erkeklerde kadınlara göre biraz daha sık ve toplumda yaklaşık 5/10000 oranında görülmektedir. Semptomların görülme sıklığı ve başlangıç sırası hastadan hastaya değişmektedir. Anamnezde 6 aylık süre ile uyku atakları ve katapleksinin varolması teşhis için yeterlidir. Teşhisten şüphe edildiğinde poligrafik uyku tetkiki ve mültipl uyku latansı testlerine başvurulabilir. Son 10 yıl içinde yapılan genetik çalışmalar hastaların %99'unun HLA DR2, DQ1 (+) olduğunu göstermiş ve bu, özellikle teşhiste yardımcı yöntem olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Uyku ataklarının tedavisinde gündüz kısa süreli uykular ve stimülan ilaçlarla başarı elde edilmekte, diğer semptomlar ise başta klomipramin olmak üzere düşük doz antidepresanlarla tedavi edilmektedir.

Narcolepsy-Cataplexy Syndrome
Narcolepsy-cataplexy syndrome, that is one of the firstly described sleep disorders, is characterized by the symptom complex of irresistible sleep attacks during daytime; partial or total decrease in muscle tone with emotions, hallucinations occurring at sleep onset or on awakenings and sleep paralysis. It is more frequent in males and seen approximately in 5/10000 of the general population. Frequency and beginning of symptoms are highly variable. Irresistible sleep attacks and cataplexy for at least 6 [month]s are sufficient for the diagnosis. Polysomnography recordings and MSLT may be required if the diagnosis is suspected. Genetic researches in the last 10 [year]s have shown that HLA DR2, DQ1 is positive in 99% of patients and this positivity may help to the diagnosis. Short naps and stimulating drugs are used in the treatment of sleep attacks; other symptoms can be treated well with low doses of antidepressants especially with chlomipramine.

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