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Yıl:2005; Cilt: 8; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2005;8(4):155-171
Stroop Testi Performansının Elektrofizyolojisi: Olay-İlişkili Potansiyeller ve İlişkili Beyin Haritaları
S Karakaş, B Bekçi, E Doğutepe, ÖU Erzengin
Hacettepe Üniversitesi Deneysel Psikoloji Uzmanlık Alanı Bilişsel Psikofizyoloji Araştırma Birimi, Ankara
Amaç: Literatür ve klinik uygulamalarda yaygın olarak kullanılan Stroop Testine ilişkin puanların temsil ettikleri bilişsel işlevleri ve ilgili beyin alanlarını belirlemek. Yöntem: Araştırma yaş (19-37 yaş aralığı) ve eğitim düzeyi (12 yıl ve üstü) açısından eşleştirilmiş 45 sağlıklı gönüllü üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Uyarım, kayıt ve analiz işlemlerinde NeuroScan 4.2 donanım-yazılım sistemi kullanılmıştır. EEG kaydı 10-20 sistemine göre 32 elektrot lokasyonundan (referans: birleştirilmiş mastoid elektrotları) alınmış, kayıtlar 0.16-100 Hz (3 dB noktası, 12 dB oktav/eğim) sınırlarında filtrelenmiş, toplam kayıt süresi olan 2046 ms'nin ilk 1024 ms'lik bölümü temel düzeyin de belirlenmesinde kullanılacak olan uyarıcı-öncesi bölümü oluşturmuştur. Örnekleme aralığı 512 Hz olmuştur. Analizler zamansal alanda (olay-ilişkili potansiyeller: OİP) yapılmış, ilgili haritalar elde edilmiştir. Deneysel koşullar ve elektrot alanlarının OİP zirveleri üzerindeki etkileri istatistiksel tekniklerle analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: İncelenen testte erken OİP zirveleriyle yüksek frekanslı osilasyonların genelde posterior bölgelerde elde edildiği ve duyusal/algısal işlemleri temsil ettiği; geç OİP zirveleriyle düşük frekanslı osilasyonların antero-posterior eksen üzerinde elde edildiği ve ileri bilgi işleme işlemlerini temsil ettiği görülmüştür. Sonuç: Literatür ve uygulamalarda frontal bölge testi olarak kabul edilen Stroop Testi performansı beynin geniş bir alanını içermektedir. Bu bulgular, işlevlerin beyne seçici olarak yayılmış biçimde gerçekleştirildiğini öne süren güncel beyin ve biliş modellerini desteklemektedir.
The Electrophysiology of Performance in the Stroop Test: Event-Related Potentials and Brain Maps
Objective: To find the cognitive correlates and the brain regions that performance on Stroop Test represent. Method: The study was conducted on 45 healthy volunteers who were matched with respect to age (19-37 [year]s) and education (12 [year]s or more). Stimulation, recording and analyses were carried under NeuroScan 4.2. Computerized versions of the Stroop Test were used. EEG was recorded from 32 electrode locations (10/20 system, referenced to linked earlobes) and filtered between 0.16-100 Hz (3 dB point, 12 dB octave/slope). Total record time was 2046 ms and the first 1024 ms comprised the prestimulus interval which was also be used for baseline correction. Sampling rate was 512 Hz. The analyses were carried on in the time-domain (event-related potentials: ERPs). Respective time-domain maps were constructed. The effect of the experimental conditions and electrode locations on ERP peaks were statistically analyzed. Results: In this test, early ERP and high frequency ERO components were obtained mainly from the posterior recording sites and represented sensory/perceptual processes. The late ERP and the low frequency ERO components, on the other hand, represented higher operations of information processing. Conclusion: Performance at the Stroop Test involve extended regions of the brain. These findings support the contemporary models on brain and cognition according to which functions are realized through selectively distributed processing.

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