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Yıl:1994; Cilt: 31; Sayı: 3>> Özet
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 1994;31(3):97-103
Yansıtmalı Özdeşim
C Odağ
Yansımalı özdeşim, üstünde görüş birliği sağlanamamış bir kavramdır. Bazılarına göre (Kernberg 1979, Volkan 1978) bir savunma biçimi, bazılarına göre ilişkileri bozan belirleyici bir düzenek (Cachdan 1988), bazılarına göre (Ponder 1987) ise her gelişimde rastlanan normal bir olgudur. Konu ile ilgili yayınların bolluğuna karşın ismini aldığı iki ana öğesinin; "yansıtma" ve "özdeşim", yeterince araştırılmadığı, bölme (splitting) ile birlikteliğine çoğunlukla işaret edilmediği dikkati çeker. Yansıtmalı özdeşimin ruhsal yapısal bozukluklara bağımlılığının belirtilmemesi de kavramla ilgili görüş birliğinin sağlanmasını engelleyen nedenlerin bir başkasıdır. Araştırmada "yansıtmalı özdeşim" Borderline ve Psikozlar gibi benlik bozuklukları gösteren hastalara özgü bir savunma düzeneği olarak anlaşılmaktadır. Ana öğeleri; a) benlik sınırları, b) yansıtma, c) özdeşim, olarak ele alınan düzeneğin, klasik nörozların psikoterapilerindeki benzer olgulardan farklılıkları belirtilmektedir. Çalışmada bu tür bir yaklaşımın düşünce birliğini sağlayıcı yollardan biri olduğuna inanılmaktadır.
Projective Identification
Projective Identification is an experession on which there is no consensus, yet. To some investigators (Kernberg 1979, Volkan 1978) it means a defensive mechanism, to some (König K. Lindler V. 1991) it presents a from of relationship, to some (Canhdan 1988) it is a determining mechanism which disturbs relationships and to others (Porder 1987) it is a normal phenomenon.
Despite the high number of publications on that subject it is remarkable that two main points which have formed the title for the subject, namely "proection" and "identification" have been neglected. It is also remarkable that investigators have not payed attention to the two subjects are related earch other, "splitting". A further reason which hinders a consensus in the variety of meanings given to "projective identification" the fact that it is not regarded as being bound to psychic disturbances. Within this work, "projective identification" will be presented as a defensive mechanism for patients who show ego-defects like borderline or psychoses.
Two main parts, namely "projection" and "identification" and the difference of their mechanism to phenomena within the psychotherapy of classical neuroses will be pointed out. In this work, I believe that this way of approaching the subject is a way whic could lead to a consensus on subject.

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