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Yıl:2023; Cilt: 30; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2023;30(3):222-227
2002-2014 Yılları Arasında Mersin Üniversitesi, Çocuk Psikiyatri Polikliniği'ne Başvuran Cinsiyet Disforisi Tanılı Olguların Klinik ve Sosyodemografik Özellikleri
F Yıldırım, V Yıldırım, F Toros
Antalya Şehir Hastanesi, Antalya
Amaç: Bu yazıda 12 yıllık bir zaman aralığında çocuk psikiyatri bölümüne başvuru yapan cinsiyet disforisi tanısı almış olan olguların klinik ve sosyodemografik özelliklerinin geriye dönük olarak incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: 2002-2014 yılları arasında Mersin Üniversitesi, Çocuk Psikiyatri Bölümü’ne başvuru yapan tüm olguların hastane kayıtları geriye dönük olarak tarandı, cinsiyet disforisi tanısı almış olduğu tespit edilen 49 olgunun dosyaları ayrıntılı olarak incelendi. Olguların sosyodemografik bilgileri, klinik özellikleri ve ölçek puanları SPPS 16.0 yazılımı kullanılarak kaydedildi. Veriler frekans analizi ve tanımlayıcı analiz ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Örneklemdeki kız çocuk sayısı 15 (%30,6), erkek çocuk sayısı ise 34 (%69,4) olarak bulundu. Olguların yaş ortalaması 10,4 (4,6) yıldı. Cinsiyet disforisi tanısı alan olgular içinde ek bir psikiyatrik tanı tespit edilen olguların oranı %51,1 olarak tespit edildi. Kırk dokuz olgudan sadece 19 olgunun iki ya da ikiden fazla görüşmeye katıldığı görüldü. Takibe devam etme ve eş tanı mevcudiyeti arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki gözlemlendi (p=0,03). Bunun yanı sıra, baba eğitim düzeyi ile takibe devam etme arasında da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmaktaydı (p=0,013). Ölçekleri dolduran olguların ölçek puanları takibe devam etme durumlarına göre incelendiğinde sadece sürekli kaygı ölçeği puanı ile takibe devam etme arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki mevcuttu, takibe devam edenlerin sürekli kaygı puanları daha yüksekti (p=0,006). Sonuç: Bu araştırmada, cinsiyet disforisi tanısı alan kız olgu sayısının erkeklerden daha az olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu bulgu, daha önce yapılmış olan toplum tabanlı çalışmalarda ortaya konulan kızlardaki yüksek cinsiyet disforisi sıklığı ile uyumlu görünmemektedir. Toplumumuzdaki sosyokültürel faktörler cinsiyet disforisi belirtileri ile poliklinik başvuru eğilimlerini etkilemektedir. Cinsiyet disforisi tanısı alan olguların neredeyse yarısında bir eş tanının eşlik ettiği ortaya konulmuştur. Cinsiyet disforisine eşlik eden tanıların erken teşhisi ve etkili tedavisi ile birlikte; ebeveynlere yeterli düzeyde bilgi verilmesi olguların genel prognozu açısından son derece önemlidir. Cinsiyet disforisi tanısı alan çocukların neredeyse üçte ikisinde takibin sürdürülmediği ve eş tanı, sürekli kaygı ölçek puanları ve babanın eğitim düzeyi ile takibe gelme arasında anlamlı bir istatistiksel ilişki olduğu düşünüldüğünde; eş tanı ve kaygı düzeyleri gibi biyolojik faktörlerin yanı sıra sosyokültürel faktörlerin de göz önünde bulundurulması gerekli olabilir. Tedavi yaklaşımlarında, ailenin, okulun ve sosyal çevrenin iş birliği olguların tedaviye daha fazla uyum sağlamasına katkı sağlayabilir.
Clinical and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Cases with Gender Dysphoria who were Admitted toMersin University Child Psychiatry Polyclinic Between the Years 2002 and 2014
Objectives: In this article, it was aimed to retrospectively examine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of cases with gender dysphoria who applied to the department of child psychiatry within a 12-year period. Materials and Methods: The hospital files of all cases who applied to the Child Psychiatry Department of Mersin University Hospital between 2002 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed, and the files of 49 cases diagnosed with gender dysphoria were analyzed. Sociodemographic data, clinical characteristics and scale scores of the cases were entered into the SPPS 16.0 program. Frequency analyzes and descriptive analyzes of the data were performed. Results: Fifteen (30.6%) of the cases were female and 34 (69.4%) were male. The mean age of the sample was found to be 10.4 (4.6) years. In 51.1% of the cases, a comorbid psychiatric diagnosis was found in addition to gender dysphoria. Of the 49 cases, only 19 cases came for two or more interviews. There was a statistically significant relationship between continuing follow-up and the presence of comorbidity (p=0.03). At the same time, there was a statistically significant relationship between father’s education level and follow-up (p=0.013). There was a statistically significant relationship between only the trait anxiety scale score and continuing to follow-up, the trait anxiety scores of those who continued to follow-up were higher (p=0.006). Conclusion: In this study, the number of girls diagnosed with gender dysphoria was found to be less than boys. This finding does not seem to be in line with the higher frequency of gender dysphoria in girls that has been generally demonstrated in the past in population-based studies. Sociocultural factors in our society are influential in the tendency to apply to the clinic. It has been shown that roughly half of cases with gender dysphoria have comorbidity. In addition to the timely diagnosis and succesful treatment of these comorbidities; informing families adequately is essential in terms of the general course of the cases. Considering that follow-up is not continued in approximately two-thirds of the children diagnosed with gender dysphoria and that there is a significant relationship between comorbidity, trait anxiety scale scores, father’s education level and follow-up; it may be important to consider sociocultural factors as well as biological factors such as comorbidity and anxiety levels. Partnership of families, schools and the social community may contribute to treatment compliance of those cases.

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