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Yıl:2024; Cilt: 11; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Ayna Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi; 2024;11(1):1-37
Psikotik Yapı, Baba İşlevi ve Lacanyen Kavramsallaştırma
A İ Yaka
Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara
Bu çalışmada genel olarak psikozun teşhis ve tedavi yöntemiyle ilgili on dokuzuncu yüzyılın sonlarına doğru gelişen ve global düzeyde etkili olan biyomedikal yönelimli yaklaşım ile Freud’un baba kompleksi üzerinden açıkladığı ve daha sonra Lacan’nın baba işlevi bağlamında kavramsallaştırdığı psikanalitik çalışmalar, tarihsel bağlamda karşılaştırılarak ilgili literatür çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır. Çalışmanın birinci amacı, ana akım klinik psikiyatri ve psikoloji disiplinlerinde psikozun genellikle biyomedikal olarak kavramsallaştırıldığını, ancak psikanalitik yaklaşımın temelinde yer alan sübjektivasyonun ihmal edildiğini ilgili literatür üzerinden vurgulayarak, ruh sağlığı alanında bu konunun kritik önemini psikanalitik bağlamda ortaya koymaktır. İkinci amacı, psikanalitik çalışmalara yeterince yer vermeyen ana akım klinik psikiyatri ve psikoloji disiplinlerinde göz ardı edilen Lacanyen kavramsallaştırmanın, psikozun yapısal teşhis ve tedavi süreçlerine dair özgün katkılarını ön plana çıkarmaktır. Son olarak üçüncü amacı ise Lacan’ın psikotik yapıyı açıklarken, özellikle baba işlevine atıf yapmasını ve bu konudaki topolojik yorumlarını temel alarak, Baba-nın-Adları’nın, kodlama mekanizması olarak işlev gördüğünü ve üç temel ruhsal yapının ise senkronik olarak bu kodlama yoluyla baba metaforu üzerinden oluştuğunu ileri sürmektir. Böylece, Lacan’ın ruhsal yapıların oluşumunu açıklarken kullandığı topoloji matematiği ile ilgili çalışmalarından da kısaca yararlanılarak, bu kavramsallaştırma modelinin bir grafik üzerinden açıklanması hedeflenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, Lacan’ın psikotik yapıdaki kod ve mesaj fenomenlerine dair temel düzeydeki arzu grafiği üzerinden geliştirdiği topolojik yorumları ile simgesel, baba işlevi ve ruhsal yapılar arasındaki ilişkiye yönelik çalışmaları referans alınmıştır.
Psychotic Structure, Father Selection and Lacanian Conceptualization
The current study contrasted the biomedical-oriented approach that emerged in the late nineteenth century, exerting global influence on psychosis diagnosis and treatment, with Freud’s psychoanalytic studies involving the father complex, later reinterpreted by Lacan within the framework of the father function, in a historical context and discussed within the relevant literature. The primary aim of this study was to emphasize that while psychosis is generally conceptualized using biomedical terms within mainstream clinical psychiatry and psychology, the neglect of the subjectivation inherent in the psychoanalytic approach is evident, thus highlighting the critical significance of this aspect within the realm of mental health. The second aim was to highlight the original contributions of the Lacanian conceptualization, often overlooked in mainstream clinical psychiatry and psychology disciplines that inadequately incorporate psychoanalytic studies, to the structural diagnosis and treatment processes of psychosis. Lastly, the third aim was to assert that, based on Lacan’s explicit reference to the paternal function and his reliance on topological interpretations in explicating psychotic structure, the Names-of-the-Father function as a coding mechanism, resulting in the synchronic emergence of the three fundamental psychic structures through this coding via the paternal metaphor. Thus, the aim was to elucidate this conceptual model by drawing on Lacan’s topological studies in part, presenting it through a graphical representation. In this context, Lacan’s interpretations of the first-level desire graph, code, and message phenomena related to psychotic structure, as well as his studies exploring the relationship among the symbolic, the paternal function, and mental structures, were referenced.

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