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Yıl:2023; Cilt: 60; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2023;60(3):252-256
Multipl Sklerozda mRNA’ya Karşı İnaktive Covid-19 Aşı Yanıtlarının Sigara ile İlişkisi
S Şen , G Arslan , M Tütüncü , S Demir , Ö Dinç , T Gündüz , C Uzunköprü , H Gümüş , M Tütüncü , R Akçin , S Özakbaş , M Köseoğlu , SD Bünül , O Gezer , D Çetinkaya Tezer , C Baba , P Acar Özen, R Koç , T Elverdi , U Uygunoğlu , M Kürtüncü , Y Beckmann ,
Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Samsun
Amaç: Korona virüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) son zamanların en büyük sağlık sorunudur. Aşılar, COVID-19 pandemisini önlemenin tek yoludur. Aşı etkinliğini azaltan ve artıran faktörler olabilir. Multipl sklerozda (MS) bu faktörler, hastalığın doğasına ve kullanılan hastalık modifiye edici tedavilere (DMT) bağlı olarak değişebilir. Yöntem: Çalışmamızda MS hastalarında inaktif virus aşılarının (Sinovac) ve mRNA aşılarının (BioNTech) DMT’ler ve sigara kullanımı ile ilişkisini araştırdık. Aşı antikor yanıtları inaktif virüs ve mRNA aşılarının iki dozundan sonraki 4–12. Haftalar arasında değerlendirildi. Hastalar altı gruba ayrılmıştır; tedavisiz MS hastaları, ocrelizumab, fingolimod, inferferonlar (interferon beta-1a ve interferon beta-1b), dimetilfumarat ve teriflunamid kullananlar. Her iki aşı için de analizler sigara içen ve içmeyen hastalarda ayrı ayrı yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 798 hasta dâhil edilmiştir. mRNA aşı grubunda, sigara içenler (n=159; 2982±326 AU/mL) içmeyenlere (n=302; 5903±545 AU/mL) kıyasla toplamda daha düşük antikor titrelerine sahipti (p=0,020). İnaktif virüs aşı grubunda sigara içenler (n=136; 383±51 AU/mL) ve içmeyenler (n=270; 388±49 AU/mL) arasında toplamda anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır (p=0,238). Her iki aşı grubunda da ocrelizumab ve fingolimod alan hastaların antikor seviyeleri diğer DMT’leri alanlara ve tedavi almayan MS hastalarına göre daha düşüktü. mRNA aşı grubunda, tedavi edilmemiş MS hastalarında, sigara içenlerde antikor seviyeleri sigara içmeyenlere göre daha düşüktü. Tedavi görmeyen MS hastaları için inaktif virüs aşı grubunda sigara içen ve içmeyenlerin antikor düzeyleri arasında fark bulunmamıştır. Sonuç: Ocrelizumab ve fingolimod kullanan MS hastalarının antikor düzeyleri diğer DMT’lere göre daha düşüktür. Sigara kullanımı mRNA aşı grubunda antikor düzeylerini düşürürken, inaktif virüs aşı grubunda herhangi bir etkisi bulunmamıştır
The Effect of Smoking on Inactivated and mRNA Vaccine Responses Applied to PreventCOVİD-19 in Multiple Sclerosis
Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the biggest health challenge of recent times. Studies so far reveal that vaccination is the only way to prevent this pandemic. There may be factors that decrease or increase vaccine effectiveness. In multiple sclerosis (MS), some of these factors may cause changes in the effectiveness of the vaccine, depending on the nature of the disease and diseasemodifying treatments (DMT). In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between antibody titer and smoking in non-treated and DMT-treated MS patients who received inactivated vaccine (Sinovac) and messenger RNA BNT162b2 (BioNTech) mRNA vaccines. Method: Vaccine antibody responses were measured between 4–12 weeks after two doses of inactivated vaccine and mRNA vaccines. Patients were separated into 6 groups as: patients with MS without treatment PwMS w/o T, ocrelizumab, fingolimod, interferons (interferon beta-1a and interferon beta-1b), dimethyl fumarate, and teriflunomide. Antibody titers of smokers and non-smokers were compared for both vaccines and for each group. Results: The study included 798 patients. In the mRNA vaccine group, smokers (n=148; 2982±326 AU/mL) had lower antibody titers compared to the non-smokers (n=244; 5903±545 AU/mL) in total (p=0.020). In the inactivated vaccine group, no significant difference was detected between smokers (n=136; 383±51 AU/mL) and non-smokers (n=270; 388±49 AU/mL) in total (p=0.149). In both vaccine groups, patients receiving ocrelizumab and fingolimod had lower antibody titers than those receiving other DMTs or PwMS w/o T. In untreated MS patients, antibody levels in smokers were lower than in non-smokers in the mRNA vaccine group. No difference was found between antibody levels of smokers and non-smokers in any of the inactivated vaccine groups. Conclusion: Ocrelizumab and fingolimod have lower antibody levels than PwMS w/o T or other DMTs in both mRNA and inactivated vaccine groups. Smoking decreases antibody levels in the mRNA vaccine group, while it has no effect in the inactivated vaccine group.

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