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Yıl:2023; Cilt: 60; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2023;60(3):245-251
COVID-19 Tanısı Almış Bireylerde Psikolojik Dayanıklılık, Algılanan Stres ve Ölüm Kaygısı ile Hastalık Seyri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
N Eren , Y Zararsız , A Medetalibeyoğlu , I Polat
İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Koronavirus Hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) hastalarının sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikleri ile algılanan stres, ölüm kaygısı, psikolojik dayanıklılıkları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Yöntem: Çalışmaya İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi “COVID-19 Hastaları İzlem Merkezi”nde izlenmekte ve tedavileri sürmekte olan 304 hasta alınmıştır. Çalışmada belirli bir örneklem seçimi yapılmamış olup izlem ve tedavi sürecindeki tüm hastalar dâhil edilmiştir. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından hastalarla yüz yüze yapılan görüşmelerde, Sosyodemografik Bilgi ve Hastalık İzlem Formu, Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği (PDÖ), Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (ASÖ) ve Templer Ölüm Kaygısı Ölçeği (ÖKÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Kadınlar algılanan stres ve ölüm kaygısını daha yüksek düzeyde belirtmiştir. Kronik hastalığı olan katılımcılarda ölüm kaygısı; psikiyatrik bozukluğu olan ve yoğun bakım ünitesi yatışı olmayan hastalarda algılanan stres daha yüksek saptanmıştır. Psikiyatrik bozukluğu olmayan, daha uzun süre hastane yatışı olan ve tam iyileşme gösteren COVID-19 hastalarında PDÖ-Kontrol puanları daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Akrabalarından/ arkadaşlarından olumsuz tutum bildiren katılımcıların PDÖ puanları daha düşüktür. Algılanan stres, hem ölüm kaygısı hem de psikolojik dayanıklılık ile anlamlı korelasyon göstermiştir. Sonuç: Kadın cinsiyet, komorbid fiziksel ve psikiyatrik bozukluklar, devam eden hastalık belirtileri ve düşük psikolojik dayanıklılık, COVID-19 hastalarında stres ve ölüm kaygısı açısından risk faktörleri olarak bulunmuştur. Bu hassas grupların biyo-psiko-sosyal bir yaklaşımla değerlendirilmesi ve hastalık seyri boyunca psikolojik destek sağlanması önemlidir. Sağlık kurumlarının tıbbi tedaviyi ruh sağlığı hizmetleri ile işbirliği içinde yapmaları önerilir.
Relationship Between Psychological Resilience, Perceived Stress, Death Anxiety andProgression of Disease in Individuals with COVID-19
Introduction: This study examines the association between perceived stress, death anxiety, psychological resilience and the sociodemographic and clinical features of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: 304 patients with COVID-19 diagnosis, who were admitted to Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Hospital “COVID-19 Patients Monitoring Center” were recruited. No sample selection was made, all the patients who were followed up and treated in the center were included. Data was collected by the researchers through face-toface interviews using the Sociodemographic Information and Disease Progression Form, Psychological Hardiness Scale (PHS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Templer Death Anxiety Scale (TDAS). Results: Women scored higher in PSS and TDAS. Participants with chronic diseases reported higher death anxiety whereas perceived stress was higher in individuals with psychiatric disorders and ones without a history of intensive care unit stay. Participants without psychiatric disorders, who had longer hospitalization and who fully recovered scored higher in PHS-Control. Patients’ report of negative attitudes from their relatives/friends was associated with lower scores in PHS. Perceived stress was correlated with death anxiety and psychological resilience. Conclusion: Being female, comorbid physical and mental illnesses, continuation of disease symptoms and low psychological resilience were found to be risk factors in terms of stress and death anxiety in COVID-19 patients. These vulnerable groups need to be closely evaluated with a bio-psychosocial approach and provided psychological support during the course of the disease. Health institutions are recommended to conduct medical treatment in cooperation with psychological care.

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