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Yıl:2023; Cilt: 60; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2023;60(3):214-222
Sağlıklı Genç Yetişkinlerde Bağlanma Güvenliği ve Çalışma Belleği Görevi Sırasında İşlevsel Yakın Kızılötesi Spektroskopi ile Ölçülen Kortikal Aktivite
A Kuşman , Y Kır , N Sedes, B Kaskak , D Sayar Akaslan , B Yalçınkaya , EG Cengiz , IB Çakmak , M Ulusoy Altınoklu , M Artar , B Baskak
Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara
Amaç: Bağlanma biçemi, sosyo-emosyonel sonuçlarla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Ancak az sayıda kanıt yürütücü işlevlerle olası bir ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Benzer şekilde bağlanma biçeminin çalışma belleği ile öğrenme ilişkisine aracılık ettiğini gösteren çalışmalar da az sayıdadır. Bu çalışmada bağlanma biçeminin çalışma belleği performansını ve kortikal aktivite paternini etkilediği varsayılmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada güvenli ve güvensiz bağlanan birinci yıl üniversite öğrencilerinin (N=49) çalışma belleği performansları üç farklı n-geri görevi ile ölçülmüş ve üç farklı n-geri görevi boyunca işlevsel yakın-kızılötesi spektroskopisi ile kaydedilen kortikal aktiviteleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Bağlanma biçemi, İlişki Ölçekleri Anketi ile dört kategoride ölçülmüştür. Bulgular: Çalışma belleği performansı her iki grupta benzer bulunmuştur. Çalışma belleğinin kortikal temsilinin iki grup arasında farklılık sergilediği gözlenmiştir. Güvenli bağlanan grup, tüm n-geri koşulları sırasında sağsuperior frontal ve superior-medial frontal kortekste ayrıca iki-geri ve üçgeri koşulları sırasında sağ-superior frontal kortekste daha yüksek aktivite göstermiştir. Güvensiz bağlanan grup sadece üç-geri koşulunda bilateral suplementer motor alan ve sol-premotor alanda daha yüksek aktivite göstermiştir. Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar bağlanma biçeminin çalışma belleğinin kortikal temsilini etkiliyor olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. İki grup arasındaki farklı aktivite haritalarının, benzer bir çalışma belleği performansı elde etmek için kullanılan farklı bilişsel stratejilerle ilişkili olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Sonuçlar her bağlanma biçeminin bağlanma ile ilişkili ve ilişkisiz nörobilişsel görevleri başarmak için farklı bir stratejisi olabileceği şeklinde yorumlanabilir
Attachment Security and Cortical Activity Measured by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy During a Working Memory Task in Healthy Young Adults
Introduction: Attachment style has been associated with socio-emotional outcomes, however little evidence suggests a possible association with executive functioning. Few studies have demonstrated that attachment style mediates working memory and learning relationships. We hypothesized that attachment style affects performance and cortical activity patterns of working memory. Methods: We compared working memory performance and cortical activity in securely and insecurely attached first-year college students (N=49) using three n-back task conditions. Cortical activity was recorded by functional near-infrared spectroscopy during these three conditions of the n-back task. Attachment style was assessed using the Relationship Scale Questionnaire, categorized into four groups. Results: Both study groups showed similar working memory performance. The cortical representation of working memory was different between the two groups. The securely attached group demonstrated higher activity in the right superior frontal and superior-medial frontal areas across all n-back conditions as well as in the right superior frontal cortex during the two-back and three-back conditions. The insecurely attached group displayed higher activity in the bilateral supplementary motor area and the left premotor area only during the three-back condition. Conclusion: These findings emphasize the potential influence of attachment style on the cortical representation of working memory. Different activity maps between the two groups may reflect varying cognitive strategies employed to achieve a comparable working memory performance. Moreover, these results suggest that each style may have a distinct strategy to achieve attachment-relevant and irrelevant neurocognitive tasks

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