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Yıl:2004; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Kriz Dergisi; 2004;12(2):33-47
Engelli Olan ve Olmayan Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Demografik ve Psikolojik Özellikleri ile Sorunlarının Karşılaştırılması
ZY Dökmen, ŞT Kışlak
Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Psikoloji Bölümü
Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, engelli öğrencilerin demografik özelliklerinin (cinsiyet, yaş, medeni durum, mezun olunan lise türü, kardeş sayısı vb.), diğer bazı özelliklerinin (boş zaman faaliyetleri, barınma biçimleri, gelecekle ilgili düşünceleri vb.), üniversitede yaşadıkları sorunlarının ve psikolojik sorunlarının belirlenmesi ve engelli olmayan öğrencilerle karşılaştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: Araştırmaya Ankara Üniversitesi'nin çeşitli fakültelerinde okuyan, toplam 70 üniversite öğrencisi (Engelli = 35, Engelli olmayan = 35) katılmıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak araştırıcılar tarafından geliştirilen bir anket ve Kısa Semptom Envanteri kullanılmıştır. Anket engelliler için 89, engelli olmayanlar için 83 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Kısa Semptom Envanteri'nde ise toplam 53 maddelik 9 alt ölçek ve ek maddeler yer almakta olup, bunların toplam puanları ile üç global indekse göre değerlendirme yapılmaktadır. Bulgular ve Tartışma: Engelli olan ve olmayan öğrencilerin genelde benzer oldukları, ancak az sayıda özellikleri ve sorunları bakımından farklılık gösterdikleri anlaşılmaktadır. Engelliler daha az ev işi yapıp, daha az sinemaya-tiyatroya gitmekte, daha az kitap okumakta ve sosyal ekinliklere daha az katılmaktadırlar. Engelliler sınavlarla, engelli olmayanlar da fakülte idari personeliyle daha çok sorun yaşadıklarını bildirmişlerdir; engelli öğrencilerin kütüphane hizmetleriyle ve yemekhaneyle de ilgili sorunları biraz daha fazla gibidir. Ankette ele alınan sorunların ne kadarının yaşandığı bakımından engelli olan öğrencilerle engelli olmayan öğrenciler arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığı belirlenmiştir, iki grup öğrencinin bu sorunları benzer düzeylerde yaşadıkları anlaşılmaktadır. Engelli olan ve olmayan öğrencilerin Kısa Semptom Envanteri alt ölçek toplam puanları ve indeksleri arasında da anlamlı farklar elde edilmemiştir, ruh sağlığının çeşitli yönleri bakımından benzer oldukları bulunmuştur. Bulgular literatür doğrultusunda tartışılmıştır
Comparison of Handicapped and Nonhandicapped University Students' Demographical and Psychological Characteristics and Problems
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine demographical (e.g., gender, age, marital status, type of high school, number of siblings in family) and psychological characteristics and problems of handicapped students, and to compare their characteristics with those of nonhandicapped students. Method: Participants were 70 volunteer undergraduate students (Handicapped = 35, Nonhandicapped = 35) from different Faculties of Ankara University. The data had been collected via a demographical information questionnaire developed by the investigators and the Brief Symptom Inventory. Demographical information questionnaire consisted of 89 items for handicapped students and 83 items for nonhandicapped students. Brief Symptom Inventory is a 53-item self-report measurement with 9 subscales and additional items. Scores obtained from Brief Symptom Inventory has been evaluated throughout the total score of each subscale and three different global indexes. Results and discussion: Results of the study indicated that the handicapped and nonhandicapped students were similar in general with a few differences in their demographical and psychological characteristics. Handicapped students involved in less individual and social entertainment activities (e.g., making housework, reading book, going to cinema). Regarding to problems in the university, handicapped students reported that they have problems in taking exams, using library, and utilizing cafeteria services. However, nonhandicapped students reported that they have problem with administrative personnel of the faculty. In terms of daily life problems stated in questionnaire, there was no significant difference between two groups. In addition, no significant differences were found between two groups in terms of the subscales and indexes of the Brief Symptom Inventory. In other words, it was found that handicapped and nonhandicapped university students were similar for different aspects of psychological health. Consistency of the findings with the literature was discussed.

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