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Yıl:2023; Cilt: 60; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2023;60(2):151-157
Şizofreni Hastalarında İntihar için Risk Faktörleri Olarak İçselleştirilmiş Damgalanma ve Damgalanmaya Karşı Direnç: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
N.B Bal, E H Karslıoğlu, P E Ata, A Çayköylü
Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Amaç: İçselleştirilmiş damgalanma ve intihar arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi şizofreni ile başa çıkmada kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada şizofreni hastalarında içselleştirilmiş damgalanma ve alt bileşenlerinin intihar eğilimini nasıl etkilediğini incelemeyi amaçladık. Çalışmanın ikinci amacı ise şizofrenide içselleştirilmiş damgalanmanın risk faktörlerinin araştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: Şizofreni tanısı olan 114 hasta çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Hastalara DSM-5 için Yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme (SCID-5), Pozitif ve Negatif Sendrom Ölçeği (PANSS), Calgary Depresyon Ölçeği (CDÖ), Ruhsal Hastalıklarda İçselleştirilmiş Damgalanma Ölçeği (RHİDÖ), İntihar Olasılığı Ölçeği (İOÖ) uygulanmıştır. İçselleştirilmiş damgalanmanın risk faktörlerini tespit etmek amacıyla çok değişkenli doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: İçselleştirilmiş damgalanmanın bir alt bileşeni olan damgalanmaya karşı direnç ile tüm intihar olasılığı ölçek puanları arasında istatistiksel anlamlı ilişki bulundu. Damgalanmaya karşı direnç ile intihar düşüncesi arasındaki ilişki grubun CDÖ ve PANSS puanlarından bağımsızdı. Damgalanmaya karşı direnç ve hastaların depresif durumu İOÖ için öngördürücü faktörler olarak tespit edildi. Regresyon analizinde ise yalnızca grubun depresif durumunun içselleştirilmiş damgalanma düzeyini yordadığı bulundu. Sonuç: Damgalanmaya karşı direnç şizofrenide intihar için önemli bir risk faktörüdür. Klinisyenler şizofreni hastalarında damgalanmaya karşı direnci artırmaya yönelik müdahalelere ve hastaların depresif durumlarını tespit etmeye odaklanmalıdırlar.
Internalized Stigma and Resistance Against Stigma as Risk Factors for Suicide in Individuals with Schizophrenia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Introduction: Identifying the relationship between internalized stigma and suicide is critical in dealing with schizophrenia. We aimed to examine how internalized stigma and its subcomponents affect suicidality in patients with schizophrenia. The second aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for internalized stigma in schizophrenia. Methods: We assessed 114 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 (SCID-5), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Calgary Depression Scale (CDS), Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI), and Suicide Probability Scale (SPS) were applied to the sample. Multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the risk factors of internalized stigma. Results: Statistically significant correlation between stigma resistance and all SPS scores was found. The correlation between stigma resistance and suicidal thought was independent of the CDS and PANSS scores of the sample. Stigma resistance and depressive situation were the predictive factors for SPS. Only depressive state of the group predicted the level of internalized stigma in the regression analysis. Conclusions: Stigma resistance is an important risk factor for suicide in schizophrenia. Clinicians should focus on interventions to increase resistance against stigma and to determine the depressive situation of patients with schizophrenia.

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