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Yıl:2023; Cilt: 60; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2023;60(1):17-22
Türkiye’de Coronavirus Salgınının Merkez Üssünde Hastanede Yatan COVID-19 Hastalarında Deliryum ile İlişkili Ortak Biyobelirteçler: Bir Vaka Kontrol Çalışması
S Dönmezler, A Uysal, İ Kurt, D Özmen, O Güçlü, Y Altunkaynak
Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura Hastanesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Yoğun bakım (YB) dışı, koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) servislerindeki deliryum tanısı alan ve almayan COVID-19 hastalarının biyokimyasal özellikleri arasındaki farklılıkları araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışma, YB dışındaki COVID-19 ünitelerine kabul edilen 43 deliryum tanılı hasta ve 45 deliryum tanısı almayan eşleşmiş grubu içeren gözlemsel, tek merkezli ve vaka-kontrol çalışması olarak tasarlanmıştır. Deliryum tanısı, bir psikiyatri uzmanı tarafından DSM-5 deliryum tanı kriterlerine göre konulmuştur. Yatış esnasındaki laboratuvar testleri, hasta karakteristikleri ve klinik özellikleri gibi bağımsız değişkenler, araştırmacılar tarafından elektronik tıbbi kayıtlardan elde edilmiştir. Birincil analizlerde, sonuç değişkeni olarak belirlenen deliryum ile ilişkili faktörleri araştırmak için binomial lojistik regresyon modelleri kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra yapılan çok değişkenli lojistik modeller, yaş, cinsiyet, nörobilişsel bozukluk öyküsü ve Charlson Komorbidite İndeksi (CCI) dâhil olmak üzere olası karıştırıcı faktörlerle düzeltilmiştir. Bulgular: Deliryumu olan hastalarda deliryumu olmayan hastalara kıyasla daha yüksek üre, d-dimer, troponin-T, proB tipi natriüretik peptit seviyesi ve CCI gözlemledik. Buna ek olarak, daha düşük e-GFR seviyeleri, serum albümin, O2 satürasyon yüzdesi ve hastanede kalış süresi saptadık. Üre (düzeltilmiş ağırlık=0,015; %95 Güven Aralığı [GA] =0,058–0,032, P=0,039), üre/kreatinin (düzeltilmiş ağırlık=0,008; %95 GA=0,002–0,013, P=0,011), troponin-T (düzeltilmiş ağırlık=0,066; %95 GA=0,014–0,118, P=0,014) değişkenlerini; cinsiyet, yaş, komorbidite gibi karıştırıcı faktörlerle düzeltip, deliryum ile ilişkili bağımsız biyobelirteçler olarak saptadık. Sonuç: Deliryum, COVID-19 hastalarında daha yüksek üre seviyeleri ve üre/kreatinin oranları ile ilişkilidir. Ayrıca, troponin-T ile deliryum arasındaki ilişki, COVID-19’daki potansiyel beyin-kalp bağlantısını anlamaya yardımcı olabilir. Bu sonuçları genellemek için çok merkezli ve daha büyük örneklemli ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Common Biomarkers Associated With Delirium in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 at the Epicentre of Turkish Coronavirus Outbreak: A Case-Control Study
Introduction: To investigate the differences in biochemical characteristics between Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with and without delirium in non-intensive care (IC) COVID-19 units was aimed. Methods: This study was designed as an observational, single-centered, and case-control study consisting of 43 delirious patients and matched 45 non-delirious patients admitted to non-IC COVID-19 units. Delirium was diagnosed by a consultant psychiatrist according to the DSM-5 delirium diagnostic criteria. Independent variables such as laboratory tests at the time of admission, clinical features, and patient characteristics were obtained from electronic medical records by researchers. In the primary analyses, binomial logistic regression models were used to investigate the factors associated with delirium, which was identified as the outcome variable. Multivariate logistic models were then adjusted for potential confounding factors, including age, gender, history of neurocognitive disorders and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Results: We observed higher levels of urea, d-dimer, troponin-T, proBtype natriuretic peptide, and CCI in patients with delirium compared to patients without delirium. We also observed lower levels of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum albumin, and O2 saturation and a decrease in the length of stay at the hospital. After adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, age, and comorbidity, we found that urea (adjusted estimate=0.015; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=0.058– 0.032, P=0.039), urea/creatinine ratio (adjusted estimate=0.008; 95% CI=0.002–0.013, P=0.011), and troponin-T (adjusted estimate=0.066; 95% CI=0.014–0.118, P=0.014) were independent biomarkers associated with delirium. Conclusion: Delirium is associated with higher urea levels and urea/ creatinine ratios in COVID-19 patients. In addition, the relationship between troponin-T and delirium may help understand the potential link between the brain and the heart in COVID-19. Additional multi-centred studies with larger sample sizes are needed to generalise these results.

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