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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 44; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2006;44(1):3-13
Beyin Ödüllendirme Sistemi Major Depresyon Tedavisinde Yeni Bir Hedef Olabilir mi?
AŞ Soysal, İT Uzbay
Gazi Üniv. Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hast. ABD
Bu derleme yazıda, majör depresif bozukluk (MDB) ile beyin ödüllendirme sistemi (BÖS) arasındaki ilişki irdelenmiştir. Günümüzde MDB'nin patofizyolojisi konusunda yapılan çalışmalarda, sağlıklı bireyler ile depresif kişiler arasındaki biyolojik farklılıklar tanımlanmaktadır. Ancak, yapılan çalışmalarda, MDB'ye bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan monoaminerjik veya endokrin sistemde meydana gelen biyolojik değişiklikler ile davranışsal değişiklikler arasında tutarlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Bu nedenle, bilim insanları MDB'yi bir bütün olarak ele almak yerine semptomlar ve bu semptomlar ile ilişkili olabilecek nörotransmitterler üzerine odaklanmaya başlamışlardır. Beyin görüntüleme çalışmalarının sonuçları, belirli semptomlar ile antidepresanlara verilen tepkiler ve nöroendokrin veriler birbiri ile bağlantılı hâle getirildiğinde, MDB ile ilişkili santral mekanizmaların daha kolay anlaşılacağına işaret etmektedir. MDB'un ana semptomu ilgi/istek kaybı, günlük yaşam aktivitelerinden zevk alamama ve düşük motivasyondur. İnsanlarda ve hayvanlarda ödüllendirme hissi BÖS adı verilen nöronal yolaklar aracılığı ile oluşmaktadır. MDB'de görülen anhedoni BÖS'de nöronal veya sistemsel düzeyde meydana gelen bozulmalardan kaynaklanabilir. Bu nedenle, BÖS'ne yönelik farmakolojik ve davranışsal objektif ölçümlerin yapılması gerekmektedir. BÖS ile MDB arasında muhtemel bir ilişki depresyon tedavisinde BÖS'ni stratejik bir hedef yapabilir. Bu durumda BÖS üzerinden etkili olan yeni antidepresanlar tedaviye girebilir.
Can the Brain Rewarding System Be a Novel Target in Treatment of Major Depression
In this article, the relationship between the major depressive disorder (MDD) and the brain rewarding system (BRS) is reviewed. Current studies on the pathophysiology of MDD showed biological differences between healthy individuals and patients with depression. In spite of these observations, researches conducted failed to demonstrate consistent correlations between behavioral changes and monoaminergic and endocrine system changes caused by MDD. Therefore, scientists started focusing on isolated symptoms and neurotransmitters which may be related to these symptoms, instead of examining MDD as a whole. The conclusions of brain imaging studies point to the fact that, central mechanisms related to MDD will be much more easily understood when certain symptoms, responses to antidepressive medications, and neuroendocrine data acould be interrelated. The major symptoms of MDD are lost of interest/will, getting no pleasure from daily activities of living, and low level of motivation. In humans and animals the feeling (sensation) of being rewarded occurs through neuronal pathways named as BRS. The anhedonia observed in MDD may originate from dysfunctions at neuronal or systemic level in BRS. Because of this reason, pharmacological and behavioral studies with objective measurements regarding BRS should be instituted. A potential relation between BRS and MDD may carry BRS to a strategical target position during antidepressive treatment and new antidepressive agents effective through BRS may appear for use.

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