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Yıl:2022; Cilt: 6; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi; 2022;6(2):157-170
Hipomanik Tutumlar ve Pozitif Yordamalar Ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanmasına yönelik ön çalışma
Z Maçkalı, G Güneri
İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Duygudurumdaki dalgalanmaların doğasını anlamaya yönelik geliştirilen Bütüncül Bilişsel Mo- del’e göre bu dalgalanmalar, içsel durumlardaki çoklu, aşırı, birbiriyle çelişen ve kişiselleştirilmiş inançlardan dolayı sürdürülür. Hipomanik Tutumlar ve Pozitif Yordamalar Ölçeği (HİTPOY) bu dalgalanmalarda etkili olduğu düşünülen bilişsel ve davranışsal süreçleri test etmek için geliştiril- miştir. Ön çalışma niteliğindeki bu araştırmanın amacı, ölçeğin 61 maddelik formunun psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın örneklemi, klinik tanısı olmadığını bildiren 353 katı- lımcıdan (244 K, 106 E, 3 boş veri; yaş Ort. = 28.25) oluşturulmuştur. Yapı geçerliğini incelemek için açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri yapılmıştır. Ölçüt geçerliği için HİTPOY-61’in Türkçe formunun geçmiş hipomanik belirtileri (Duygudurum Bozuklukları Ölçeği), mevcut hipo- manik belirtileri (Hipomani Soru Listesi-32) ve son 24 saat içindeki manik ve depresif belirtileri değerlendiren (İçsel Durum Ölçeği) ölçeklerle ilişkilerine bakılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirlik anali- zinde Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık katsayısı ve test-tekrar test korelasyonları hesaplanmıştır. Faktör analizinde 52 madde temsil edilmiştir. HİTPOY’un 52 maddelik versiyonunun iç tutarlılık katsayısı tüm ölçek için α = .95, ‘Kendine ve Diğerlerine Dair Çelişkili İnançlar’ alt ölçeği için α = .94 ve ‘Aktivasyona Yönelik Çelişkili Değerlendirmeler’ için α = .88 olarak bulunmuştur. Bununla bir- likte, oluşan iki faktörlü bu yapı doğrulanamamıştır. Test-tekrar test güvenirliği oldukça yüksektir (r = .43). Ölçüt geçerliği açısından HİTPOY ile DDBÖ, HSL-32_taşkınlık, HSL-32_dürtüsellik ve İDÖ arasında anlamlı ilişkiler saptanmıştır. Bu ön çalışmada her ne kadar DFA’da iki faktörlü mo- del doğrulanamasa da güvenirlik ve geçerliğe ilişkin elde edilen bulguların kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ölçek bu haliyle, duygudurum dalgalanmaları yaşayan kişilerle içsel du- rumların değerlendirilmesi ve alternatif yolların geliştirilmesi adına kullanılabilir. Gelecek çalış- malarda ölçeğin bipolar bozukluğu olan kişilerin bulunduğu örneklemlerde çalışılmasının psiko- metrik özelliklerini güçlendireceğine inanılmaktadır.
A preliminary study of the Turkish adaptation of Hypomanic Attitudes and Positive Predictions Inventory
According to the Integrative Cognitive Model, mood fluctuations are sustained due to multiple, excessive, conflicted, and personalized beliefs related with internal states. The HAPPI was devel- oped to test the cognitive and behavioral processes affecting on these fluctuations. This study aimed to report the preliminary results of the Turkish adaptation of the HAPPI-61 and to examine its psychometric properties. The sample consisted of 353 individuals (244 W, 106 M, 3 declined to answer) with a mean age of 28.25 years. None of the participants had clinical diagnosis. The con- struct validity was examined through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. For the crite- rion validity, correlations between the HAPPI-TR and MDQ, HCL-32, ISS-TR were investigated. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients and test-retest correlations were calculated for testing the reliability. 52 items were represented as a result of the factor analysis. The internal consistency of the HAPPI- TR was .95 for the whole sample. The internal consistency of its two subscales were as follows: .94 for the ‘Conflicting Beliefs about Self and Others’ subscale and .88 for the ‘Conflicting Ap- praisals of Activation’ subscale. However, the 2-factor structure was not confirmed. The test-retest reliability was moderate (r = .43). Statistically significant correlations were found between the HAPPI-TR and MDQ, HCL-32 irritable/risk taking, HCL-32 impulsivity and ISS-TR. Although the two-factor structure could not be confirmed, the findings of this preliminary study were consid- ered to be at an acceptable level. The current scale can be used for individuals having mood swings in order to evaluate internal states and to help to develop alternative ways. It is believed that exam- ining the HAPPI-TR in different samples including individuals with bipolar disorder and perform- ing comparative analyses will strengthen its psychometric properties.

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