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Yıl:2023; Cilt: 10; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Türk Uyku Tıbbı Dergisi; 2023;10(1):78-83
Obstrüktif Uyku Apnesi Hastalarında Bilevel Terapi İhtiyacını Belirleyen Faktörler
N G Arslan
University of Health Sciences, Samsun
Amaç: Obstrüktif Uyku Apne Sendromu'nda (OSAS) devamlı pozitif havayolu basıncı (CPAP) ile başarı sağlanamayan ya da sabit basıncı tolere edemeyen hastalarda, bilevel PAP (BPAP) ile tedaviye devam edilmesi önerilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ilk yatışta BPAP endikasyonu olmayan ve CPAP ile yeterli titrasyonun yapılamadığı hasta grubunun hangi özellikleri ya da polisomnografilerindeki (PSG) hangi verilerin BPAP ihtiyacı açısından belirteç olabileceğinin belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Hastaların komorbid hastalıkları [diabetes mellitus (DM), kardiak hastalık, akciğer hastalığı], vücut kitle indeksi, boyun/ göbek/kalça çevresi uzunlukları ile PSG’deki total uyku süresi, apne hipopne indeksi (AHİ), saatlik obstrüktif/santral apne/hipopne sayıları, ortalama desaturasyon indeksi (ODI), hızlı göz hareketi (REM) uyku latansı, REM süresi, REM ve non-REM uykudaki AHİ (REM/non-REM indeksi), gece boyu ortalama saturasyon (SaO2), en düşük saturasyon değeri (min O2%), saturasyonunun gece boyu %90’ın altında kaldığı süre (T90) ve pozisyon bağımlılığı incelendi. Bulgular: DM, HT ve kardiak hastalık varlığı, boyun, göbek, kalça çevresi uzunluğu, ODI, REM indeksi, T90 ve ODI/SaO2 oranlarının yüksekliği BPAP grubunda; min O2% ve SaO2’nin yüksekliği CPAP grubunda istatiksel olarak anlamlı saptanmıştır (p<0,05). DM varlığının 0.214 kat, kalp hastalığı varlığının 0.205 kat, REM indeksinde bir birimlik artışın 1.018 kat, T90’da bir birimlik artışın 1.030 kat BPAP olasılığını artırdığı saptanmıştır. Cut-off değerler REM index ve T90 için sırasıyla 70.850 ve 56.150 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada; CPAP’ın yetersiz kalıp BPAP’a geçilme olasılığının DM ve kalp hastalığı varlığı ile arttığı, T90 ve REM indeksinin bu amaçla kullanılabileceği belirlenmiş ve bölgesel yağlanmanın kullanılacak PAP tipine etki edebileceği ön görülmüştür.
Factors Determining the Need For Bilevel Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients
Objective: Except for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which is the first choice in the standard treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), it is recommended to continue treatment with bilevel PAP (BPAP) in patients, who cannot tolerate constant pressure or no success was achieved with this treatment. However, there is a group of patients without complicated OSAS and do not have BPAP indication at the first hospitalization, but for which adequate titration cannot be performed with CPAP. The purpose of this study was to investigate which characteristics of these patients or which data in their polysomnography (PSG) may be indicative of BPAP need. Materials and Methods: Comorbid diseases [diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiac diseases, pulmonary diseases], body mass index, neck/core/ hip circumference measurements the patients evaluated with total sleep time, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), hourly obstructive/central apnea and hypopnea numbers, mean desaturation index (ODI), rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency, REM time, AHI in REM and non REM (REM/non-REM index), average overnight saturation (SaO2), lowest saturation value (min O2%), time when saturation is below 90% overnight (T90), a position dependency in PSG. Results: Presence of DM, hypertension and cardiac disease, elevation of neck/core/hip circumference measurements, ODI, REM index, T90 values and ODI/SaO2 ratios were found to be statistically significant in the BPAP group, elevation in min O2% and SaO2 levels were found to be statistically significant in the CPAP group (p<0.05). It was determined that the probability of BPAP increased with the presence of DM 0.214 times, the presence of heart disease 0.205 times, a one-unit increase in the REM index 1.018 times, and a one-unit increase in T90 1.030 times. The REM index and T90, which were found to be significant in the receiver operating characteristic analysis, were determined as 70.850 and 56.150 cut-off values, respectively. Conclusion: In this study; it was determined that the probability of CPAP being insufficient and switching to BPAP increases with the presence of DM and heart disease; and that T90 and REM index, and their cutoff values can be used for this purpose. It was also thought that regional adiposity may affect the type of PAP to be used.

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