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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Current Addiction Research; 2021;5(1):16-24
Kokain Kullanımı ve İlişkili Patolojiler
M Akan, HB Cumurcu
Malatya Training Hospital, Malatya
Hızlıca bağımlılık geliştirebilen uyarıcı bir madde olan kokainin, Avrupa’ da ve Türkiye’ de kullanımı giderek artmaktadır. Kokain kullanımı bireyde psikiyatrik ve fiziksel hastalıklara neden olmakla birlikte, toplumsal ve yasal sorunlara da neden olabilir. Kokain bağımlılığının etyolojisinde genetik, sosyokültürel ve farmakolojik etkenler, öğrenme ve koşullanma ile ilgili bazı faktörler önemli yer tutar. Kokain, psikoaktif ve bağımlılık yaratan etkilerini, zevk alma ve motivasyonu düzenleyen beyindeki limbik sistem üzerinden gerçekleştirir. Limbik sistemin bir parçası olan nükleus akkumbens, kokain etkisine aracılık eden en önemli bölgedir. Kokain kullanımı sıklıkla diğer psikiyatrik hastalıklarla birlikte görülebilir, ayrıca başta santral sinir sistemi olmak üzere diğer sistem organlarını etkileyerek hasara neden olabilir. Bu yazıda, kokainin nörokimyasal etkileri, ilişkili psikiyatrik/fiziksel hastalıklar ve tedavi seçenekleri güncel bilgiler ışığında sunulmuştur.
Cocaine Use and Related Pathologies
The use of cocaine, which is a stimulant substance that can quickly develop addiction, is increasing in Europe and Turkey. Cocaine use can cause psychiatric and physical diseases in the individual, but it can also cause social and legal problems. Genetic, sociocultural and pharmacological factors, some factors related to learning and conditioning have an important role in the etiology of cocaine addiction. Cocaine exerts its psychoactive and addictive effects through the limbic system in the brain, which regulates pleasure and motivation. The nucleus accumbens, which is a part of the limbic system, is the most important region that mediates the effect of cocaine. Cocaine use can often be seen together with other psychiatric diseases, and it can also cause damage by affecting other system organs, especially the central nervous system. In this article, the neurochemical effects of cocaine, related psychiatric/ physical diseases and treatment options are presented in the light of current information

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