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Yıl:2022; Cilt: 14; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar; 2022;14(3):353-357
Fonksiyonel Nörolojik Bozukluklar İçin İlginç Bir Model: Psikojenik Disfoniye Bütüncül Yaklaşım
BH Almiş
Adıyaman Üniversitesi, Adıyaman
Fonksiyonel nörolojik bozukluk ya da konversiyon bozukluğu, nörolojik veya tıbbi bir hastalıkla açıklanamayan nörolojik belirtilerle kendini gösteren bir ruhsal bozukluktur. Psikojenik disfoni ise fonksiyonel nörolojik bozuklukların bir belirti tipidir. DSM-5 ile birlikte, konversiyon bozukluğu tanı kriterleri değişti ve bunun sonucu olarak konversiyon bozukluğu tanı ve tedavisine yeni bir bakış açısı geliştirmek şart oldu. Ayrıca, son zamanlarda konversiyon bozukluğu tanımı yerine fonksiyonel nörolojik bozukluk tanımlaması kullanılmaya başlandı. Böylece bu bozukluğun tanı, değerlendirme ve tedavisinde bütüncül yaklaşımlar gerekliliği doğdu. Fonksiyonel nörolojik hastalıklarda yapılan çalışmalar çoğunlukla psikojenik disfonileri içermemektedir. Bu derlemede psikojenik disfonili hastaların tanı, değerlendirme ve tedavisine yaklaşımları literatür ışığında tartışmak amaçlamıştır. Psikojenik disfoniler, oluşumunda emosyenel stresin rolüne rağmen standart sirkümlaringeal terapiye yanıt vermesi açısından ilginçtir. Bu nedenle foksiyonel nörolojik bozuklukların tanı, değerlendirme ve tedavisinde ilginç bir modeldir. Psikojenik disfoni semptomları ve psikolojik faktörler karşılıklı olarak birbirini etkilediği için ses terapisi ve psikoterapi kombinasyonu en iyi tedavi gibi görünmektedir.
An Interesting Model for Functional Neurological Disorders: Integrative Approach to Psychogenic Dysphonia
Functional neurological disorder or conversion disorder, is a mental disorder that manifests itself with neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by a neurological condition or medical condition. Psychogenic dysphonia is a symptom type of functional neurological disorders. With DSM-5, the diagnostic criteria of conversion disorder have changed and as a result, it is imperative to develop a new perspective on the diagnosis and treatment of conversion disorder. Also recently, functional neurological disease definition has been used instead of the definition of conversion disorder. Thus, an integrative approach was required in the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of this disorder. Studies on functional neurological disorders have uncovered psychogenic dysphonies. The present review aimed the analyzing the literature to illuminate diagnosis, evaluation and treatment approaches in the patients with psychogenic dysphonies. Psychogenic dysphonia is very interesting in terms of its formation with emotional distress as well as its response to a functional intervention such as standard circular laryngeal therapy. Therefore, psychogenic dysphonia is an interesting model for the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of functional neurological disorders. As psychogenic dysphonia symptoms and psychological factors mutually affect each other, the combination of voice therapy and psychotherapy for symptoms seem to be the gold standard treatment for now.

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