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Yıl:1993; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 1-2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni; 1993;3(1-2):21-25
Beyin Serotonini ve Fizyolojik Fonksiyonlar
B Öztaş
İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Serotonin -merkez sinir sisteminin en önemli nörotransmiterlerinden biridir. Uyku, ağır iletilmesi, ısı regülasyonu, seksüel davranış, beyin kan akımının regülasyonu, kan-beyin bariyeri permeabilitesi ve agresif davranış gibi pek çok fizyolojik mekanizmada çok önemli rolü vardır. Serotonin kan-beyin bariyerinden geçemez ve sentezi triptofan aminoasidinden beyinde yapılır. Triptofan aminoasidi beyne yarışmalı taşıma sistemi ile taşınır. Beyne geçen triptofan, triptofan hidroksilaz ve aminoasit dekarboksilaz enzimleri ile serotonine sentezlenir. Sentezlenen serotonin sinir uçlarındaki depo granüllerde depolanır ve sinirden gelen uyan ile sinaptik aralığa boşalır. Çok çeşitli serotonin reseptörleri vardır ve bu reseptörlerin beyinde dağılımı ve fizyolojik fonksiyonları farklıdır. Beyinde serotonin konsantrasyonu ve reseptörleri yaşlılıkta, hamilelikte ve cinsiyete bağlı olarak değişir. Kadınların beyin omurilik sıvısında serotonin yıkım ürünü 5-HIAA konsantrasyonu erkeklerin BOS'dan önemli derecede yüksektir. Ayrıca serotonin dağılımı serebral asimetri gösterir. Beyinde serotonin nöronları en fazla Cafe nukleusunda bulunur ve buradan başlıyan yoğun serotonerjik innervasyon, frontal korteks, striatum, nukleus akumbens, substansia nigra, talamus, pons ve medulla spinalisin gri maddesine projekte olur.
The Effect of Brain Serotonin on the Physiological Function
Serotonin (5-HT) is one of the newer neurotransmimmetrs to be recognized for physiological importance. 5-HT is involved in a variety of central nervous system function, such as control of the cardiovascular system, emotional behaviour, cerebral blood sow, eating disorders, blood brain barier permeability, sexual behavior, thermo regulation, by way of serotonergic neurons projecting to several brain areas and spinal cord from, mainly, the raphe nuclei. The concentrations of 5-HIAA are lower in men than in women. There is also significant intrehemispheric asymetriy in both sexes. Since 5-HT does not cross the blood brain barrier, the neurotransmitter has to be synthesized within the brain. The active uptake of the essential amino acid tryptophan from dietary sources by the neuron from the blood is followed by hydroxylation to 5-HTP via the enzyme trytophan hydroxylase. Once 5-HTP is syntehtized, it is almost immediately decarboxylated to serotonin by aromatic L-amino decarboxylase. After serotonin is formed, it will be transported either into storage granules or broken down via mitochondrial MAO, and transported out of the cell as 5-HIAA. There is strong evidence to suggest on important role for central serotonergic neurotransmission in the many physiological role.

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