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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 32; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2021;32(4):286-290
Juvenil Parkinsonizm Tanısıyla 10 Yılı Aşkın Süre Tedavi GörenKronik Bir Fonksiyonel Parkinsonizm Olgusu
NS Bulut, N Yorguner, G Çarkaxhıu-Bulut, EN Tuncer
Marmara Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Fonksiyonel (psikojen) hareket bozuklukları (FHB), organik sebeplerle açıklanamayan ve sıklıkla altta yatan psikolojik problemlerle ilişki gösteren motor semptomlarla karakterize, heterojen bir tanı kümesidir. FHB kümesindeki hastalar, psikiyatrik açıdan sıklıkla somatoform bozukluklar ve konversiyon bozuklukları kapsamında ele alınırlar. Fonksiyonel parkinsonizm (FP), FHB’nin oldukça nadir görülen bir formudur ve parkinsonizm semptomlarıyla takip edilen hastaların yaklaşık %1,5’lik kısmını teşkil etmektedir. Fonksiyonel parkinsonizmde hemen tüm parkinsonizm semptomlarının görülmesi mümkün olsa da, hastalığın ani başlaması, ilerleyici olmayan seyir göstermesi, tedavi yanıtının zaman içinde tutarsızlık göstermesi gibi klinik özellikler ve nörolojik muayenede saptanan kimi atipik bulgular, psikojen etiyoloji açısından önemli ipuçları olarak değerlendirilmektedir. FP hakkındaki kısıtlı literatür, ortalama yaşın 37-53 olduğuna işaret etmektedir. İdiyopatik Parkinson hastalığında (iPH) ise ortalama başlangıç yaşı 60 civarındadır; 21 yaş altında başlangıç gösteren ve oldukça nadir görülen juvenil parkinsonizm ise, sıklıkla ailesel geçişlidir ve genetik mutasyonlarla daha yakın ilişkilidir. Bu yazıda, henüz 17 yaşında iken juvenil parkinsonizm tanısı alan ve bu tanıyla yaklaşık 14 yıl boyunca nöroloji bölümünde, antiparkinson ilaç tedavisiyle düzenli takibi sürürülen bir kadın FP olgusu takdim edilmektedir. Belirtilerin, gerek iPH, gerek FP açısından oldukça erken bir yaşta başlangıç göstermesi ve hastalığın yakın izleme karşın kronikleşmiş olması itibariyle, olgumuzun FP’nin tanınması ve erken müdahalenin önemi açısından çarpıcı bir örnek teşkil ettiği kanaatindeyiz.
A Case of Chronic Functional Parkinsonism Treated Over 10 Yearsfor the Diagnosis of Juvenile Parkinsonism
Functional (psychogenic) movement disorders (FMD) constitute a cluster of heterogeneous diagnoses involving motor symptoms that cannot be explained by organic pathology and are often associated with underlying psychological problems. In psychiatry, patients with FMD are often placed within the scope of somatoform disorders and conversion disorders. Functional Parkinsonism (FP) is a rare form of FMD seen in 1.5% of all patients presenting with symptoms of parkinsonism. Although almost all symptoms of parkinsonism can be present in FP, clinical features such as sudden onset and a nonprogressive course, inconsistent response to pharmacotherapy, and atypical findings in neurological examination are considered as important clues of psychogenic aetiology. Limited data in the literature on FP indicate that the average age of onset is between 37-53 years of age, whereas the average onset age of Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease (IPD) is around 60; and Juvenile Parkinsonism, a rare condition presenting before the age of 21, is often familial and more closely related to genetic mutations. Here, we present the case of a female patient, who, after the diagnosis of Juvenile Parkinsonism at the age of 17, had been treated with antiparkinsonian medications for about 14 years in the neurology clinic. Even though the age of onset of this case was far earlier than expected for both IPD and FP and the symptoms became chronic despite close monitoring, it is believed that this case is a striking example for the importance of the recognition of FP and early intervention.

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