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Yıl:2022; Cilt: 10; Sayı: 23>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi; 2022;10(23):17-31
Cinsiyet Özcülüğü Ölçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlaması ve Psikometrik Özellikleri
Ö Şahin, N Soylu Yalçınkaya
Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Cinsiyete dair özcülük, kadınların ve erkeklerin temelden farklılaşmasına neden olan, doğuştan, doğal ve değişmez birer ‘öz’leri olduğuna dair inanışları içerir. Toplumsal cinsiyet gibi sosyal kategorilere dair özcü inanışlar toplumsal eşitsizliklerle ilgili görüş ve tutumlarla ilişkilendiğinden, bu tür inanışların ölçülebilmesi önem kazanmaktadır. Bu araştırmada Cinsiyet Özcülüğü Ölçeği Türkçeye uyarlanmış ve psikometrik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Ölçek Türkçeye tercüme edilerek örneklemini üniversite öğrencilerinin oluşturduğu üç ayrı çalışmada kullanılmıştır (Çalışma 1, n = 210; Çalışma 2, n = 400; Çalışma 3, n = 397). Ölçek tüm çalışmalarda orijinal çalışmada olduğu gibi tek faktörlü bir yapıya işaret etmiştir. Üç çalışmada da bulunan yüksek Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı (Çalışma 1, α = .93; Çalışma 2, α = .88; Çalışma 3, α = .91), ölçeğin cinsiyet özcülüğünü güvenilir olarak ölçtüğünü göstermiştir. Korelasyon analizlerine göre üç çalışmada da cinsiyet özcülüğünün çelişik duygulu cinsiyetçilik ve her bir alt ölçeği (düşmanca ve korumacı cinsiyetçilik) ile pozitif yönde ilişkilendiği bulunmuştur. İlk iki çalışmada erkek katılımcıların cinsiyet özcülüğü skorlarının kadın katılımcılara kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Üç çalışmada da düşük faktör yükü gösteren iki maddenin ölçekten çıkarılması önerilmiştir. Bulgular Cinsiyet Özcülüğü Ölçeği’nin Türkiye’de cinsiyet özcülüğünü ölçebilecek güvenirlik ve geçerlikte olduğunu göstermektedir. Ölçeğin Türkçe versiyonunun Türkiye’de toplumsal cinsiyet alanındaki araştırmaların genişlemesine yapacağı katkılar tartışılmıştır.
Turkish Adaptation of the Gender Essentialism Scale and its Psychometric Properties Abstract
Gender essentialism refers to beliefs about innate, natural and fixed ‘essence’s that lead to fundamental differences between men and women. Since essentialist beliefs regarding social categories like gender relate to perceptions of and attitudes toward social inequalities, it is important for researchers to be able to measure such beliefs. The present research provides an adaptation of the Gender Essentialism Scale to Turkish and an examination of the psychometric properties of the Turkish scale. The scale has been translated into Turkish an used in three studies with university student samples (Study 1, n = 210; Study 2, n = 400; Study 3, n = 397). As expected, across all studies, gender essentialism was positively correlated with ambivalent sexism and both of its subscales (hostile and benevolent sexism). In two of the studies, in line with expectations, male participants scored higher on gender essentialism than female participants. Two items that had unacceptable factor loadings across all studies were removed from the scale. Results suggest that the Turkish version of the Gender Essentialism Scale can be used as a valid and reliable measure of gender essentialism. The adaptation of this measure to Turkish is expected to contribute to future studies on gender in Turkey.

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