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Yıl:2022; Cilt: 59; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2022;59(1):54-62
Amiyotrofik Lateral Sklerozda ALSFRS-R Ölçeğinin Bulanık Mantık Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi
G Gül Koç, C Dağsuyu, A Kokangül, F Koç
Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana
Amaç: Amiyotrofik lateral skleroz (ALS) günlük yaşam aktivitesini olumsuz etkileyen ilerleyici morbidite ve mortalitesi yüksek bir hastalıktır. ALS’deki hastalık ilerlemesi; bulber, motor ve solunum parametrelerinde ortaya çıkan fiziksel fonksiyon kaybı ile karakterize edilir.  Bu fonksiyonlarının etkilenme düzeylerini belirleyebilmek için 12 kriterden oluşan Revize Edilmiş Amiyotrofik Lateral Skleroz Fonksiyonel Derecelendirme Skalası (ALSFRS-R) kullanılmaktadır. Toplam ALSFRS-R skoru hesaplanırken her kriter eşit öneme sahip olsa da, günlük pratikte 12 kriterin önem seviyeleri farklılık gösterebilir. Günlük pratikte ALSFRS-R’de yer alan 12 parametre sayısal olarak toplanmaktadır. Bu klasik yaklaşımda bu parametrelerin birbiri ile ilişkileri dikkate alınmamaktadır. Klasik değerlendirmede parametreler arasındaki belirsizlikler göz ardı edilmektedir. Fakat hastanın günlük yaşam aktivitesine bulber, spinal ve solunumsal disfonksiyonların etkisi birbirinden farklı olabilmektedir. Bu saptama doğrultusunda ALS’li olgularda ALSFRS-R bulanık mantık (fuzzy) yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: ALSFRS-R’deki her bir alt başlığın aynı puana sahip olmasına karşın hastalığın yönetiminde öncelik arz edip etmemesi nedeni ile fuzzy ALSFRS-R yöntemi ile hastalık skoru belirlenmiştir. Fuzzy ALSFRS-R yaklaşımı oluşturulurken her bir ana grup için ayrı ayrı fuzzy modelleri oluşturularak, her ana grubun fuzzy model sonuçları da ayrı bir modelde entegre edilerek fuzzy ALSFRS-R skor değeri elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 33’ü (%66)’ü erkek, 17’si (%34)’sı kadın yaş ortalamaları 58,49 ± 10,01 olan El Escorial kriterlerine göre kesin ALS olarak tanınan 50 hasta alınmıştır. Klasik ALSFRS-R değerlerine göre yapılan sıralamada dikkate alınarak ALSFRS-R sonuçları ile fuzzy ALSFRS-R sonuçlarının karşılaştırıldığında 45 hastanın öncelik sıralaması artarken, 5 hastanın öncelik sıralaması her iki değerlendirmede de aynı kalmıştır. Sonuç: Uzman görüşü doğrultusunda oluşturulan fuzzy üyelik fonksiyonları ve karar kuralları sonucu elde edilen yaklaşım büyük ölçekli bir hastaneden alınan 50 hasta verisi için uygulanmıştır. Değerlendirmeler sonucunda elde edilen fuzzy yaklaşımının hasta durumu hakkında daha doğru bilgi verdiği görülmüştür.
Evaluation of ALSFRS-R Scale with Fuzzy Method in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a disease with high morbidity and mortality that adversely affects the activities of daily living. Disease progression in ALS is characterized by loss of function in bulbar, motor, and respiratory parameters. The revised amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R), which consists of 12 criteria, is used to determine disease effects on each of these functions. While each criterion is equally important when calculating the total ALSFRS-R score, the importance levels of the 12 criteria may vary in clinical practice. In this classical approach, the relationships among the parameters are not considered and the effects of bulbar, spinal, and respiratory dysfunctions on a patient’s activities of daily living may be different. Methods: In this study, we aimed to evaluate ALS cases with the ALSFRS-R fuzzy method. Although each subheading in the ALSFRS-R had the same score, the disease score was determined by the fuzzy ALSFRS-R method, based on whether a subheading had priority in management of the disease. While creating the functional rating scale ALSFRS-R approach, fuzzy ALSFRS-R score values were obtained by creating fuzzy models for each main group and integrating the fuzzy model results of each main group into a separate model. Results: In total, 50 patients with definite ALS according to the El Escorial criteria (33 men [66%] and 17 women [34%]; mean age, 58.49±10.01 years) were included in the study. When ALSFRS-R results and fuzzy ALSFRS-R results were compared, the prioritization order of 45 patients increased using the fuzzy ALSFRS-R score, while the prioritization order of five patients remained the same in both evaluations. Conclusion: The approach obtained by using fuzzy membership functions and decision rules, formed in accordance with expert opinion, was applied to the data of 50 patients from a large-scale hospital. In total, 90% of the patients had increased prioritization when using the fuzzy ALSFRS-R scoring method. Our results showed that the fuzzy approach provided more accurate information regarding a patient’s condition.

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