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Yıl:2022; Cilt: 59; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2022;59(1):14-20
Şizofrenide Kısa Klinik Değerlendirme Ölçeği (Ş-KKDÖ): Geliştirilmesi, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
M Yıldız, A İncedere, MB Gürcan, E Osman
Kocaeli Üniversitesi, Kocaeli
Amaç: Şizofreni ve diğer psikotik bozuklukların klinik değerlendirmesinde kullanılan ölçeklerin uygulaması uzun süre aldığı için rutin klinik hizmetlerde pek yer almamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı kısa, kapsayıcı ve kolay uygulanır bir ölçeğin geliştirilmesi ve psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Şizofreni ve şizoaffektif bozukluk tanı ölçütlerini içerecek şekilde Pozitif ve Negatif Sendrom Ölçeğinden (PANSS’den) alınmış maddelere takıntılar ve bellek zorluğu maddelerinin eklendiği 14 maddelik bir ölçek hazırlandı. Ölçek maddeleri işlevselliğe olan etkiyi yansıtacak şekilde 1. sorun yok, 2. hafif sorun var, 3. orta derecede sorun var, 4. günlük yaşamı engelleyecek düzeyde sorun var olarak derecelendirildi. Ölçek şizofreni ve şizoaffektif bozukluk hastalarında diğer uyum ölçekleriyle birlikte uygulandı. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği açımlayıcı faktör analiziyle, eşzamanlı geçerliği uyum ölçekleriyle karşılaştırılarak, ölçüt geçerliği ise psikopatolojideki değişime duyarlılığa bakılarak değerlendirildi. Güvenirlik için iç tutarlılık katsayısı ve değerlendiriciler arası güvenirlik incelendi. Bulgular: Toplam 120 hastanın verileri incelendi. Ölçeğin iç tutarlılık katsayısı 0,89 olarak hesaplandı. Açımlayıcı faktör analizinde toplam varyansın %74,47’sini açıklayan dört faktörlü yapı elde edildi. Birinci faktör (çıldırı) toplam varyansın %43,49’unu, ikinci faktör (eksiklik/bilişsel bozulma) %14,53’ünü, üçüncü faktör (duygusal sıkıntı) %11,19’unu, dördüncü faktör (dağınıklık) %5,34’ünü açıklıyordu. Ölçek toplam puanı ile PANSS puanı (r=0,78), Klinik Genel İzlenim – Şiddet alt ölçek puanı (r=0,81) ve İşlevselliğin Genel Değerlendirilmesi (r=-0,77) arasında anlamlı bağıntı saptandı. Ölçeğin değerlendiriciler arası güvenirlik katsayısı yüksek (ICC=0,89) ve psikopatolojideki değişime duyarlılığı anlamlı (Cohen d=2,68) idi. Sonuç: Ölçek psikopatolojinin farklı alanlarını kapsadığı, geçerli ve güvenilir olmasıyla yeterli psikometrik özellikler gösterdiği için klinik pratikte kullanılabilecek bir ölçüm aracı olarak değerlendirildi.
Brief Clinical Assessment Scale for Schizophrenia (BCASS): Development, Validity, and Reliability Study
Introduction: The instruments used for the clinical assessment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders are not commonly administered in routine clinical practice since their application takes a long time. This study aims to develop a short, comprehensive, and easyto-apply scale and to examine its psychometric properties. Methods: A 14-item scale was prepared by adding two items inquiring about obsessions and memory difficulties to the items taken from Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) covering the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The items were rated on a 4-point scale reflecting their effect on daily functioning as 1. not present, 2. mild problems, 3. moderate problems, 4. severe problems. The scale was administered together with other concordant scales to the patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The construct validity of the scale was analyzed by explanatory factor analysis, the concurrent validity was examined through correlations of the scale scores with those of comparable scales, and criterion validity was evaluated by the sensitivity to the change in psychopathology. For reliability, internal consistency coefficient and interrater reliability were assessed. Results: Data from a total of 120 patients were analyzed. The internal consistency coefficient of the scale was calculated as 0.89. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 4-factor solution which accounted for 74.47% of the total variance of the scale scores. The first factor (psychosis) explained 43.49% of the total variance, the second factor (negative/ cognitive impairment) explained 14.53%, the third factor (emotional distress) explained 11.19%, and the fourth factor (disorganization) explained 5.34% of the total variance. Significant correlations were found between the scale’s total score and the PANSS (r=0.78), Clinical General Impression-Severity (CGI-S) (r=0.81), and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scores (r=-0.77). Interrater reliability was strong (ICC=0.89), and the sensitivity to the change in psychopathology was significant (Cohen d=2.68). Conclusion: The scale demonstrated adequate psychometric properties in terms of reliability, validity, and dimensionality that justify its use in routine clinical practice.

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