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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 28; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2021;28(3):191-199
Çocuklar için Özel Gereksinim Değerlendirmesine İlişkin Yönetmelik (ÇÖZGER) Sonrası Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatrisi Alanında Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Zorluklar
SD Uygun, M Çetinkaya, A Efe, FH Çakmak, M Canlı, RD Temeltürk, Y Gürel, SB Açıkel
Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey
Amaç: Bu çalışmada ülkemizde çocuk psikiyatrisi alanında görev yapmakta olan hekimlerin çocuklar için özel gereksinim değerlendirmesine ilişkin yönetmelik (ÇÖZGER) sonrası uygulamada özel gereksinimi değerlendirme sürecinde karşılaştıkları zorlukların tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Türkiye Çocuk ve Genç Psikiyatrisi Derneği üyesi tüm çocuk ve ergen ruh sağlığı ve hastalıkları uzman hekimlerine ve öğretim üyelerine, Eylül-Ekim 2020 tarihleri arasında e-posta aracılığı ile ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü olanlara hekime ait uzmanlık alanı konusundaki değişkenler ile ÇÖZGER yönetmeliği sonrasında sağlık kurulu hastalarını değerlendirme, tanılama, heyete yönlendirme ve rapor düzenleme süreçlerine ilişkin kapalı ve açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan öz bildirime dayalı anket uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların (n=156) ortalama yaşı 33,8 (±4,1) olup %67,3’ü kadındır. Sağlık kurulu uygulamalarına yönelik verilerde; kurula yönlendirmelerin çoğunlukla çocuk ve ergen psikiyatristi tarafından yapıldığı, bazı psikiyatrik tanıların rehberlik araştırma merkezi (RAM) tarafından eğitsel olarak onaylanamadığı, bu durumun hekimin tanısal kararını etkileyebildiği, katılımcıların neredeyse yarısının ÇÖZGER sonrası sağlık kurulu hastalarını değerlendirirken bilişsel gelişim, dil konuşma ve iletişim ve çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrisi olmak üzere en az bir alanda zorlandığı, özellikle farklı disiplinlerle sınır ihlaliyle ilişkili sorunlar yaşadığı, çalıştıkları hastanede tanımlı bir ÇÖZGER yetkili hekiminin olmadığı gösterilmiştir. Çalışmamızda hekimlerin öz bildirimine dayalı olarak ÇÖZGER sonrası farklı merkezlerde aynı tanıya sahip hastaların özel gereksinim alanı ve düzeyi bakımından farklılıklar gösterebildiği, özellikle otizm spektrum bozukluğu ve zihinsel yetersizlikte rapordaki özel gereksinim düzeyinin çocuğun gerçek düzeyi ile bağdaşmayabildiği saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Sağlık kurulu raporlarının hasta açısından mağduriyet, hekim açısından yasal sorun oluşturmaksızın düzenlenebilmesi için, ÇÖZGER yönetmeliğinde hekimlerin karşılaştıkları zorluklarla ilgili çözüme yönelik rasyonel düzenlenmelerin yapılması ve sonrasında yönetmeliğe yönelik ilgili hekimlerin, hastane yöneticilerinin ve RAM çalışanlarının eğitilmesi gerekmektedir.
The Difficulties Encountered in Practice for the Field of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry After theRegulation on Assessment of Special Needs for Children (RASNC)
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the challenges faced by child psychiatrists in our country during the assessment of special needs for children in practice after regulation on the assessment of special needs for children (RASNC) regulation. Materials and Methods: All specialists and academicians being the members of Turkish Association for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry were reached via e-mail between September and October 2020. A self-report questionnaire consisting of closed and open-ended questions about the variables of the individuals and processes for patients’ evaluation, diagnosis, referral to the health committee and report preparation after RASNC regulation was applied to volunteer participants. Results: The average age of the participants (n=156) was 33.8 (±4.1) years and 67.3% of them were female. In our study, it was shown that referrals to the committee were mostly made by a child psychiatrist, some psychiatric diagnoses were not educationally approved by the guidance research center (GRC), this might affect the diagnostic decision of the physicians, while evaluating the patients after RASNC, almost half of the participants had difficulties in at least one area of cognitive development, language, speech and communication and child psychiatry, and had problems related to border violation especially with different disciplines, the hospitals they worked in did not have a defined RASNC authorized physician, and patients with the same diagnosis in different centers might differ in terms of special needs area and level. Conclusion: In order to solve the difficulties faced by child and adolescent psychiatrists, rational arrangements should be made in RASNC regulation and then relevant physicians, hospital managers and GRC personnel should be trained on the regulation.

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