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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 41; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Psikoloji Çalışmaları; 2021;41(2):521-548
Anne-Çocuk Çiftlerinin Değer Benzerliği: Orta Çocukluk Döneminde Bir İnceleme
AVA Bayraktar, Z Çakmak, DS Atalar, Z Uçanok
Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara
Değerler ve çocukların değer kazanımı kapsamında yürütülen yakın zamanlı gelişim psikolojisi araştırmaları, orta çocukluğun ilk yıllarında bile çocukların değer önceliklerinin oluşabildiğini göstermiştir. Sosyalleştirme sürecinin birincil aktörü olan ebeveynler, çocuklarının değer gelişiminde önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, anne-çocuk çiftlerinin Schwartz’ın 10 değer tipi açısından ne derece benzerlik gösterdiği incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, Ankara’da yaşayan yaşları 6 ile 11 (Ort. = 8.5, SS = 1.23) arasında değişen ilkokul 1., 2., 3. ve 4. sınıfa devam eden 172 öğrenci ve anneleri çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Annelerin değerlerini ölçmek amacıyla Portre Değerler Anketi, çocukların değerlerini ölçmek amacıyla ise Çocuklar için Resme Dayalı Değerler Taraması kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular anneler için başarı, güvenlik ve özyönelim değerleri ile özgenişletim ve muhafazacılık üst değerlerinin önemli olduğunu göstermiştir. Buna karşılık, çocuklar için geleneksellik, iyilikseverlik ve evrenselcilik değerleri ile özaşkınlık ve muhafazacılık üst değerlerinin öncelikli değerler olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca anne-çocuk çiftlerinin değerlerinin genel olarak düşük benzerlik gösterdiği ve değer tiplerine ait öncelik sıralamalarının birbirlerinden farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Bunun yanı sıra, araştırma bulguları anne-çocuk çiftlerinin değer benzerliği ile annenin eğitim düzeyi ve toplam aylık gelirin ilişkili olduğunu ve bu ilişkilerin çocuğun yaşına göre farklılaştığı ortaya koymuştur. Annenin eğitim düzeyi ve toplam aylık gelir küçük yaş grubundaki anne-çocuk çiftlerinin değer benzerliği ile ilişkili değilken büyük yaş grubundaki anne-çocuk çiftlerinin değer benzerliği ile negatif yönde ilişkilidir. Benzer şekilde, annenin eğitim düzeyi ve toplam aylık gelir ile anne-çocuk çiftlerinin değer benzerliği arasındaki ilişkinin çocuğun cinsiyetine göre de farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Annenin eğitim düzeyi ve toplam aylık gelir anne-erkek çocuk çiftlerinin değer benzerliği ile ilişkili değilken anne-kız çocuk çiftlerinin değer benzerliği negatif yönde ilişkilidir. Sonuç olarak, elde edilen bulguların değerlerin nesiller arası aktarımı konusunda bilgi sağlayabileceği ve okullardaki değerler eğitimi ile ilgili müfredatın düzenlenmesinde yol gösterici ipuçları taşıyabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Value Similarity of Mother-Child Dyads: An Investigation in Middle Childhood
Recent developmental psychology studies conducted within the context of values and children’s value acquisition have shown that even during the early years of middle childhood, children’s value priorities can occur. Parents, who are the primary actors in the socialization process, play an important role in the value development of their children. In this study, the similarities between mother–child dyads in terms of the 10 value types of Schwartz were examined. For this aim, a total of 172 mothers and their children between ages 6–11 (M = 8.5, SD = 1.23) years attending 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grade in primary schools in Ankara were included in this study. The Portrait Value Questionnaire was used to assess mothers’ values, and the Picture-Based Value Survey was used to assess children’s values. The findings showed that mothers gave priority to the values of achievement, security, and self-direction and high-order values of self-enhancement and conservation. In contrast, it was found that children gave priority to the values of tradition, benevolence, and universality and higher-order values of self-transcendence and conservation. Furthermore, it was seen that the values of the mother–child dyads had lower similarities, and the order of the priority of the value types differed from each other. In addition, our findings revealed that there were significant relationships among the mother’s education, total monthly income, and mother–child value similarity, which varied according to the age of the child. While the mothers’ education and total monthly income were not associated with the mother–younger child value similarity, these were negatively associated with the mother–older child value similarity. Similarly, it was observed that the relationship among the mothers’ education, total monthly income, and mother–child value similarity also varied according to the gender of the child. While the mothers’ education and total monthly income were not associated with the mother–son value similarity, these were negatively associated with the mother–daughter value similarity. In conclusion, it is thought that these findings can provide information about the intergenerational transfer of values and provide guiding clues for the regulation of curriculum related to value education in schools.

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