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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 32; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2021;32(3):167-175
Obsesif Kompulsif Bozuklukta İkonik Bellek
M Mart, S Tümkaya
Adıyaman Üniversitesi Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi, Adıyaman
Amaç: Bu çalışmada obsesif kompulsif bozukluk (OKB) hastalarında sağlıklı bireylere göre ikonik bellekte bulunan bilgi miktarında zamanla hızlı bir azalma olup olmadığının, OKB alt türleri de dikkate alınarak araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu araştırmaya DSM 5 tanı ölçütlerine göre OKB tanısı almış 74 hasta ve 63 sağlıklı birey alınmıştır. OKB grubu temizlik semptomları belirgin olan, kontrol semptomları belirgin olan, hem temizlik hem kontrol semptomları belirgin ve temizlik ve/veya kontrol semptomları belirgin olmayan OKB hastaları şeklinde gruplandırılmıştır. Tüm katılımcılara bir kısmi raporlama testi uygulanmıştır. OKB hastaları ile sağlıklı kontroller ve daha sonra OKB alt grupları ile sağlıklı kontroller kendi aralarında ikonik bellek performansları açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: OKB hastaları ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında ikonik bilgi kaybı oranı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır. Testin ölçtüğü zaman noktalarındaki ikonik bellek puanları (d’ değerleri) tüm gruplarda yaş ile negatif, eğitim süresi ile pozitif ilişki göstermektedir. Yaş etkeni kontrol edilerek alt gruplar incelendiğinde ise temizlik semptomları belirgin olan OKB grubunun ikonik bilgi oluşma aşaması olan d1’ değerinin kontrol semptomları belirgin olan OKB ve temizlik ve/veya kontrol semptomları belirgin olmayan OKB grubundan, d7’ değerinin ise temizlik ve/veya kontrol semptomları belirgin olmayan OKB grubundan ve sağlıklı kontrollerden daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Temizlik semptomları belirgin olan OKB hastalarının d6’ ile d7’ arasındaki ikonik azalma oranı sağlıklı kontrollerinkinden anlamlı olarak fazlaydı. OKB hastalarının Maudsley Obsesif Kompulsif Soru Listesi temizlik puanları her zaman noktasındaki ikonik bellek puanları ile negatif yönde korelasyonlar gösteriyordu. Sonuç: Bu çalışma temizlik semptomları belirgin olan OKB hastalarının, görsel bellek veya görsel işlem belleğine aktarılan bilgi miktarını anlamlı olarak etkileyen, ikonik bilgilerin oluşumu ve hızlı azalması ile ilgili bozukluklara sahip olabileceğini göstermiştir.
Iconic Memory in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there is a fast decay in the iconic memory of patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) compared to healthy individuals by taking into consideration the clinical OCD subtypes. Method: The study included 74 patients diagnosed with OCD on the basis of the DSM 5 criteria and 63 healthy individuals. The OCD patients were grouped as washers, checkers, both washers and checkers, and non-washers and non-checkers. All participants took a partial report test (PRT) to compare iconic memory performance between the healthy control group and the OCD group as a whole and in OCD subgroups. Results: Loss of iconic memory did not differ between OCD group and the controls. The iconic memory scores, expressed as the d’ values, at specified time points correlated negatively with age and positively with education duration in all groups. When the subgroup data were analyzed by controlling for age, the d1’value showing formation of iconic information was lower in the washers subgroup in comparison to the checkers subgroup and the nonwashers and non-checkers subgroup. The d7’ value was also lower in the washers subgroup than in the the non-washers and non-checkers subgroup and the healthy control group. The iconic decay rate of the washers subgroup between the time points d6’ and d7’ was significantly higher in comparison to the healthy control group. The scores of OCD patients on the washing subscale of the Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) showed negative correlations with the iconic memory scores at all time points. Conclusion: This study showed that washer OCD patients may have impaired iconic formation and fast iconic decay, which could significantly affect the amount of information transferred to visual memory.

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