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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 21>> Özet
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Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi; 2021;9(21):495-510
Örgütsel Çatışma: Neye Baktığımız mı, Nereden Baktığımız mı Önemli?
HTE Korkmaz
Mersin Üniversitesi, Mersin
Bu çalışmada örgütsel çatışma iki alternatif yöntemle ele alınmıştır. İlk olarak yürütülen mülakatlar aracılığıyla bir devlet üniversitesinde görev yapmakta olan toplam 40 öğretim üyesi ve araştırma görevlisinden işyerinde yaşanan çatışmaların konularına yönelik nitel veriler toplanmıştır. Devamında yürütülen vignette çalışmasında 170 yüksek lisans ve doktora öğrencisinden veri toplanmıştır. Katılımcılara çatışma senaryoları çalışan perspektifi, yönetici perspektifi ve nötr gözlemci perspektifi olmak üzere üç ayrı perspektiften sunulmuştur. Daha sonra ölçekler kullanılarak katılımcıların senaryolara ilişkin duygusal tepkileri (pozitif ve negatif duygulanım), çatışma çözme yöntemleri (problem çözme, uzlaşma, uyma, zorlama ve kaçınma) ve iş etiği değerlendirmeleri (çalışana ve yöneticiye yönelik) ölçülmüştür. Mülakat verilerinin içerik analizi sonucunda en sık ifade edilen çatışma konularının adaletsizlik, fikir ve görüş ayrılığı ve kaba iletişim tarzı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Vignette çalışmasında ölçümü alınan bağımlı değişkenler üzerinde yürütülen varyans analizleri sonucunda negatif duygulanım dışındaki tüm değişkenler üzerinde senaryodaki perspektifin temel etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Çalışan perspektifindeki kişiler yöneticiye göre çatışmaya dair daha fazla negatif duygulanım hissetmektedirler. Nötr perspektif uzlaşma yöntemini daha fazla tercih ederken, çatışmadan kaçınma, uyma ve zorlama yöntemlerini ise çalışan perspektifindeki kişilerin daha fazla kullandığı tespit edilmiştir. Senaryodaki çalışan ve yönetici karakterlerine yönelik etik değerlendirmeler incelendiğinde, çalışan perspektifindeki kişilerin senaryodaki çalışanı, yönetici perspektifindeki kişilerin ise senaryodaki yöneticiyi daha etik algıladıkları görülmüştür. Bu bulgular örgütsel çatışmalarda perspektif alma ve empati kurmanın önemine işaret etmektedir. Çatışmaların çözümünde yapılabilecekler bulgular ışığında tartışılmaktadır.
Organizational Conflict: Is What We Look at or the Perspective We Look from More Important?
This study examined organizational conflict using two alternative research methods. In Study I qualitative data was raised via interviews on workplace conflicts from 40 faculty members and research assistants employed in a public university. In Study II vignettes of conflict scenarios were presented to participants and data were raised from 170 graduate and doctorate students. Vignettes differed in terms of the perspective it assumed; consisting of the subordinate, manager, and the neutral observer perspective. Participants were asked to report their affective reactions (negative and positive), conflict management style (collaborating, compromising, accomodating, avoiding and competing) and ethical evaluations (employee and manager) with regards to the vignettes. Content analysis of interviews revealed that injustice, differences of opinions and miscommunication were among the most frequently reported themes of conflict. Variance analyses were carried out for the vignette study on the above mentioned dependent variables. Main effect of perspective was found for most of the variables, such that subordinate perspective participants experienced higher levels of negative affect in reponse to the conflict; neutral perspective reported higher levels of the use of compromising strategy while subordinate perspective had significantly higher levels of avoiding, accomodating, and competing. In terms of the ethical evaluations of the subordinate and manager characters of the scenarios, each perspective perceived itself as more ethical than the other party. These findings point out the importance of perspective taking and empathy in organizational conflict. Practical implications for conflict resolution are discussed in light of the study findings.

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