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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 28; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2021;28(2):159-165
Ergenlerin Adil Dünya İnançlarının Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları ve Bağlanma Stilleri ile İlişkisi
B Çolak, G Koç, RS İlhan, B Öncü
Ankara University Faculty of Medicine,Ankara
Amaç: Ergenlik dönemi kişilerin kendileri ve dünyayı bütünlüklü olarak anlamakta temel ve önemli bilişler geliştirdiği bir dönemdir. Adil dünya inancı (ADİ) bu bilişlerden biri olup, kişinin dünyayı adil veya adaletsiz bir yer olarak algılayıp algılamadıkları ile ilgidir. Bu çalışmada, klinik örneklemdeki ergenlerde adil dünya inancının, bağlanma biçimleri ve çocukluk çağı travmaları ile ilişkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya bir üniversite hastanesinin ergen ünitesine başvuran 250 ergen hasta dahil edildi. Tanılar içselleştirme ve dışsallaştırma bozukluk grupları olarak kategorize edildi. Katılımcılar, adil dünya inancını değerlendirmek için ADİ-özel (Ö) ve ADİ-genel (G), çocukluk çağı travmalarını tipini ve şiddetini değerlendirmek için Çocukluk Çağı travmaları Ölçeği-Kısa Formu ve bağlanma tiplerini ölçmek için Yakın İlişkilerde Yaşantılar Envanteri-Revize Formu kullanıldı. Ölçekler arası ilişkiler ve gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar yapıldı. Bulgular: İçselleştirme bozukluğu olan ergenlerde dışsallaştırma bozukluğu grubuna göre ADİ-Ö ve ADİ-G skorları düşük olarak saptandı. Güvenli bağlanma stiline sahip ergenlerin hem ADİ-Ö hem de ADİ-G’de en yüksek puanlara, korkulu bağlanma stiline sahip ergenlerin ADİ-Ö’de en düşük puanlara ve endişeli bağlanma stiline sahip ergenlerin ADİ-Ö’de en düşük puanlara sahip olduğu saptandı. Çocukluk çağı travmaları hem ADİ-Ö hem de ADİ-G ile ters ilişkili olarak saptandı. Sonuç: İçselleştirme ve dışsallaştırma bozukluğu olan ergenlerin genel ve özel adil dünya inançlarının farklılık gösterdiği görülmektedir. Güvenli bağlanmanın dünyanın daha adil bir yer olarak algılanması ile ilişkisinin olduğu söylenebilir. Ayrıca çocukluk çağı travmalarının ergenlerin adil dünya inançlarını olumsuz yönde etkilediği görülmektedir. Adil dünya inancının psikiyatrik bozukluklarda ve psikoterapötik yaklaşımlardaki rolünün anlaşılması için ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.
Relationship of Adolescents’ Just World Beliefs with Childhood Trauma and Attachment Styles
Objectives: Adolescence is an important period of life when some basic cognitive constructs are formed so that a person can understand himself and others to comprehend the world as a whole. Just world belief (JWB) is one of these cognitive constructs that indicate whether one sees the world as a just or an unjust place. In this study, we aimed to explore the JWB of adolescents from a clinical sample and its relations with psychiatric disorders, attachment styles, and childhood traumas. Materials and Methods: We included 250 adolescent outpatients in the study. Diagnoses were categorized as internalizing and externalizing disorder groups. The participants completed JWB-scales self (S) and JWB-general (G) for assessing their attitudes toward belief in a just world, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form for assessing the type and severity of childhood traumas, and the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised scales for assessing attachment styles. Relations and group comparisons between internalizing and externalizing disorder groups within these variables were assessed. Results: Adolescents with internalizing disorders had lower JWB-S and JWB-G scores than the externalization disorder group. Adolescents with a secure attachment style had the highest scores in both JWB-G and JWB-S. Adolescents with a fearful attachment style had the lowest score on JWB-S, and adolescents with an anxious attachment style had the lowest score on JWB-W. Childhood trauma was inversely associated with both JWB-S and JWB-G. Conclusion: Adolescents’ attitude seems to differ for JWB dimensions in the internalizing and externalizing disorder groups. Secure attachment style is related to the perception of the world as a just place, whereas insecure attachment styles were not. Childhood trauma negatively affects the JWB of adolescents. Further studies are needed to understand the role of JWB in psychiatric disorders and psychotherapeutic approaches.

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